B18

Question 1

What do we mean by biodiversity?

Answer 1

The variety of all the different species of organisms on Earth or in an ecosystem

Question 2

What do we call it when toxic chemicals build up in animals due to toxins accumulating in the food chain?

Answer 2

Bioaccumulation

Question 3

How can acid rain harm biodiversity?

Answer 3

-Can change soil pH, damaging plants
-Damages trees, causing loss of food/habitats

Question 4

Which processes cause the release of carbon dioxide from peat?

Answer 4

-Decayed by microorganisms in compost- releasing carbon dioxide through respiration
-Burned as a fuel

Question 5

What are some potential methods of maintaining Earth’s biodiversity?

Answer 5

-Breeding programmes
-Regeneration and protection of habitats
-Replanting hedgerows on edges of fields
-Greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced
-Recycling waste

Question 6

What do we mean by biomass?

Answer 6

The mass of living material in plants/animals

Question 7

What are trophic levels?

Answer 7

An organism’s place in the food chain- plants are level 1, herbivores are level 2, etc.

Question 8

List some factors affecting food security:

Answer 8

-Increase in birth rate
-Changing diets
-New pests and pathogens
-Environmental changes

Question 9

Why are fishermen not allowed to remove small, young fish?

Answer 9

To allow them to breed, so they don’t die out/go extinct