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Chemistry > B5 how much? Quantitative analysis > Flashcards

B5 how much? Quantitative analysis Flashcards

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0
Q

One mole =

A

24g

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1
Q

How many atoms in one mole

A

6x10to the power if 23

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2
Q

How to calculate the number if moles

A

Mass in g / molar mass in g

/=divide

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3
Q

Mnemonics for molar mass and number of moles

A

Never -no. Of moles
Cut- concentration
Veins- volume

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4
Q

What does real active atomic mass equal

A

Molar mass

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5
Q

What does conservation of mass mean

A

Mass of reactants = mass of products

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6
Q

%compositon =

A

G of element / g of whole composition or element x100

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7
Q

What % of CuO is Cu?

A

64/80 x100 = 80%

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8
Q

What does empirical formula mean

A

The simplest ratio between the elements

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9
Q

C4 h10 into the empirical formula

A

C2 h5

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10
Q

How do I get from cm to dm

A

Cm divided by 1000 = dm

Dm x1000 =cm

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11
Q

Dilution:

Volume of water to add

A

(Start concentration /target concentration -1 )

X start volume

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12
Q

Concentration is measured in …

A

Mol/ dm3 cubed

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13
Q

What is salt

A

Sodium chloride NaCl

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14
Q

Why is salt good ?

A

Important for nervous system
Water balance
Blood pressure

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15
Q

Why is salt bad?

A

Too much and it gives you night blood pressure

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16
Q

Titrations and ph indicators

What is a single indicator

A

One with a single colour change

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17
Q

What is a mixed colour indicators

A

One with several colour changes to show the whole ph scale

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18
Q

Why are single indicators better

A

They have an end point. This is due to the fact they they only have one colour change

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19
Q

Concentration=

A

No of moles divided by volume

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20
Q

What does in excess mean

A

To have to much in reactions it is usually the acid

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21
Q

What does equilibrium mean

A

It shows that some reactions are reversible

The reactants =the products

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22
Q

Changing equilibrium the temperature

A

All reactions are exothermic in one direction

If you decrease the temp the equilibrium with move to compensate. It will more in the exothermic direction to make more heat

If you raise the temp the equilibrium will move to decrease it. It moves in the endothermic way

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23
Q

Changing equilibrium pressure

A

This involves gas

Increase it and the equilibrium tries to reduce it by moving toward the side with the fewer moles of gas and vice versa

24
Q

Changing equilibrium concentration

A

Increase the concentration and the equilibrium tries to decrease it by shifting to the right
And vice versa

25
Q

How do you make sulphuric acid

A

The contact process

26
Q

Step 1

A

Make sulphur dioxide

s +O2 = SO2

27
Q

Step 2

A

Oxidise sulphur dioxide to make sulphur trioxide

So3. + h2O = h2 so4

28
Q

Step 3

A

Sulphur trioxide to make sulphuric acid

So3 + h2o = h2 So4

29
Q

His reaction to make sulphuric acid is what type of reaction

A

A reversible one

30
Q

Temp of contact process
Is is exo or endothermic
What is the best temp

A

It is exothermic and gives out best
High temp means slower reaction
The best temp is 450 degrees

31
Q

Pressure

What pressure is use

A

1 atmosphere is used
Increasing the pressure is expensive
The equilibrium is on the right so it’s not necessary

32
Q

Catalyst

What does it change

A

It changes nothing with the equilibrium

To increase the rate of reaction a vanadium pentoxide catalyst

33
Q

What concentration Can a strong acid have

A

A high or low one

34
Q

WeKa vids can have what concentration

A

A low or high one

35
Q

Name a strong acid

A

HCL

36
Q

Name a weak acid

A

Ethanoic acid Ch3 COOH

37
Q

What makes as strong acid strong

A

They ionise quickly and completely

HCL = h+ + Cl-

38
Q

What makes a weak acid weak

A

It does not ionise completely

ch3cooh = h2 + ChOo-

39
Q

Tow other strong acids

A

Sulphuric and nitric

40
Q

What is the ph of a strong acid?

A

1 or 1

41
Q

Electrolysis cathode is…

A

Negative and it gives out electrons, it loses them so it’s a minus

42
Q

Electrolysis anode is….

A

Added electrons from the cathode

It takes the in so it’s a +

43
Q

At the cathode what happens

A

2H+ + 2e- = H2

44
Q

What happens At the anode

A

4OH = 2H2O + O 2-

45
Q

Which electrode produces hydrogen

A

The cathode

46
Q

Precipitation reactions what are they

A

It’s when two solution are mixed together and an insoluble solid is formed and precipitates out.

47
Q

How do you get a precipitate on its own as a powder?

A
  1. react two solutions
  2. filter it
  3. Rinse with water
  4. Evaporate
48
Q

Lead nitrate is added to a halide which ion is present if it turns cream?

A

Bromide

49
Q

Lead nitrate is added to a halide which ion is present if it turns white?

A

Chloride

50
Q

Lead nitrate is added to a halide which ion is present if it turns yellow?

A

Iodide

51
Q

Which chemical is used to test for sulphites?

A

Barium chloride

52
Q

What happens during a precipitate reaction?

A

The ions swap places

53
Q

Simply what is concentration?

A

It’s how crowed things are

54
Q

Where do you find Gide line daily amounts

A

On food packaging

55
Q

Why are titrations used?

A

To find out concentrations

56
Q

Rate of reaction calculations =

A

First reading I table at 60secs or 30secs and get it and divide by time eg.

34/60= rate of reaction gas given off per second

57
Q

Strength

A

Tells you what proportion of the acid molecules that ionise in water

58
Q

Concentration

A

How many moles of acid there are in a litre or dm cubed its basically how dilute or watered down the acid is

Chemistry (10 decks)

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