B4 - Transport

Question 1

What does blood plasma do?

Answer 1

It is a yellow liquid. Will take your blood cells around your body (and some other substances)

It will take carbon dioxide produced by cells taken to lungs

Question 2

What are red blood cells?

Answer 2

They rake oxygen from lungs to cells in our body. Contain haemoglobin have a biconcave disc shape
(Larger surface area)
No nucleus

Question 3

What are white blood cells and what do they do?

Answer 3

Bigger than red blood cells
Some form antibodies to take away unwanted microorganisms
Others engulf the microorganisms

Question 4

What are platlets and what do they do?

Answer 4

They make the blood clot at the site of a wound
Produce protein fibres to capture red blood cells and stops you bleeding to death
Lack of platelets can cause more bleeding and bruising

Question 5

Name the parts of heart and label

Answer 5

Aorta
Pulinimary artery
Vena Cava Puliminary vein
Right Atrium Left atrium
Right ventricle Left ventricle

Question 6

What is a double circulatiry system

Answer 6

It is where the blood passes through the heart twice to do one complete circuit of the body

Question 7

What are the components of an artery

Answer 7

Thick layer of muscle and elastic fibres
Small lumen
Thick walls

Question 8

What are the components of a vein

Answer 8

Often has valves
Large lumen
Relatively thin walls

Question 9

What are the components of a capillary

Answer 9

Tiny vessel with narrow lumen

Walls a single cell thick

Question 10

What happens to coronary arteries in coronary heart disease? And what effects to the blood flow?

Answer 10

Blocked with fatty acids

Because it is partially blocked so blood has to go through smaller area

Question 11

What is a stent and what does it do

Answer 11

It is a wire that goes in your coronary arteries and will keep it open to allow good blood flow

Question 12

What do statins do

Answer 12

They make the blood thinner so it can flow through the smaller gap

Question 13

What are the pros and coms of having a mechanical heart valve

Answer 13

Pros - last 20-30 years , light,strong,durable

Cons- Blood clots may form and can lead to death , needs replacing

Question 14

What is a natural pacemaker

Answer 14

A group of cells in your right atrium and controls your heart beat

Question 15

What is an artificial pacemaker? How does it work? What does it do?

Answer 15

An electronic device located in your chest that fixes irregular beats your heart makes. Some can even speed up or slow down when needed

Question 16

What is an artificial heart? In what situations will an artificial heart be used?

Answer 16

Because a donor heart can take years to get and a full artificial
heart doses’t exist yet a artifice heart helps your Current heart into working properly until your heart ca be replaced. It will help take strain Of diseased heart.

Question 17

Label parts of respiratory system

Answer 17

Larynx
lung 
Trachea
Bronchus 
Intercostal Muscle
Bronciole
Ribs
alveoli 
Plural Membrane
Diaphane

Question 18

What are the adaptations of an alveolus?

Answer 18

Large surface area allows for more effective diffusion of O2 and CO2
Lots of capillaries allow for a steep concentration gradient
Thin layer of cell between air from lung and blood in capillaries meaning short diffusion distance
Cluster of alveoli provides a large surface area

Question 19

What is transpiration?

Answer 19

The loss of water vapour from a plant

Question 20

What are the different factors that affect transpiration, and how do they affect it?

Answer 20

Light intensity - Higher means more transpiration because stomata is wider open to allow more co2 in
Humidity - Higher means less transpiration because diffusion out of leaf is harder because air is full of moisture
Wind speed - Higher means more transpiration because it moves the moist air away
Temperature - Higher means more transpiration