B2 - Cell Division

Question 1

What is a gene

Answer 1

A section of dna (might be eye colour)

Question 2

How many pairs of chromosomes in nucleus

Answer 2

23 pairs

Question 3

What are the stages of cell division

Answer 3

Stage 1 - Replication of each DNA and increases amount of sub-cellular structures e.g. chloroplasts
Stage 2 - Mitosis produces additional cells and one set of chromosomes is pulled out to each end of dividing cell
Stage 3 - Cytoplasm and cell membranes divide to form daughter cells

Question 4

What is differentiation

Answer 4

As cells take on specific jobs they become specialised and the process by which this happens is differentiation

Question 5

Arguments for Embryonic stem cells vs adult stem cells

Answer 5

Embryonic - Cna give rise to all cell types (because they are unspecialised) , plentiful and easy to find (umbilical cord) , Unethically (no choice to foetus)
Adult - Can only give limited number of cell types , Hard to find and isolate, Ethically (adult has to consent)

Question 6

Difference between animal and plant cell differentiation

Answer 6

Plant cells - Able to differentiate all through lives,can be moved from one plant to another,Can be moved and become anything