b4) securing the succession Flashcards
1
Q
what children did CoA and Henry haev?
A
- two sons, 1 stillborn & one dies at 7 weeks old
- failure to produce healthy male heir
- several miscarriages- only Mary survived
2
Q
Why did Henry want to divorce CoA/
A
- failure to produce healthy male heir
- CoA reached end of child-bearing years, H believes to believe his lack of son= God’s punishment for marriage against canon law- so essential for him to remarry
3
Q
what kids did Anne Boleyn and Henry have?
A
- 7th September 1533, gives birth to Elizabeth
- no immediate breach in their relationship, but after 2 miscarriages, he belives he’s again being punished by God
4
Q
what was the 1536 Succession Act?
A
- AB’s execution led to this
- decalred E illigitimate
- now H has no legitimate heir, but he does have illegitimate children- possibility of legitimising his illegitimate son the Duke of Richmond
- breaks new ground by declaring that in the absense of a male heir, the King could determine the succesion by will or letter patent
- ^ this could have led to Richmond’s succession but he soon died
5
Q
how was Edward super legitimate?
A
- H had married Jane Seymour after deaths of AB and CoA- Ed’s legit couldn’t be denied by any interp of canon law
6
Q
what was the 1543 succession act?
A
- due to probs w H’s health= more likely Ed would still be a minor when he inherirted the throne
- uncertainty & anxiety (esp from H)
- passed through hoc and hol 1543, royal assent 1544- relegitimises M and E & reaffirms H’s right to determine the succession by will or by letter patent
7
Q
what did Henry’s will decide abt the succession?
A
- H confirmed succesion arrangements in will- dated 30th December 1546
- laid right of succession to heirs of H’s sister MARY DUCHESS OF SUFFOLK if Ed, E and M died
- set up a REGENCY COUNCIL to act on Ed’s behalf
- v little acc seen of this council during Ed’s reign
8
Q
when did henry marry and divorce anne of cleves?
A
- married 6 jan 1540
- divorced july 1540
9
Q
when did henry and catherine howard marry and when did she die?
A
- married August 1540, 30 years younger than him- for bearing kids
- accused of adultery, executed 1542
10
Q
when did catherin epaar and henry marry?
A
- july 1543
- both too old to have kids, basically there to raise his other children- good relationship w them, esp Elizabeth
- has a few miscarriages
11
Q
what was henry’s arguement for an annulment?
A
- book of leviticus- prohibition on a man marrying his brother’s widow
- CoA argued that her marriage to A had not been consumated so didn’t count
- but h insists w seeks disposition based on this arguement
12
Q
what was wolsey’s fake cour?
A
- in may 1527, w uses his power as PAPAL LEGATE to bring H to a fake court and accuse him of living in sin, but CoA does not accept the court’s guilty verdict and appeals to pope
13
Q
why did the pope not support the fake court’s decision?
A
- normally would hae done for the right price, but CoA was spanish and so links w pope
- may 1527, rome was sacked by mutinous, unpaid troops of HRE C5 & pope held prisoner- didn’t want to offend c5’s fam honour, who was CoA’s nephew
14
Q
what potnetial plaswere there at first to secure annulment?-
A
- send CoA to a nunnery- Campeggio tried to convince her when delaying events
- free pope from c5- came to nothing
- w set up a commission in eng to give w powers to make judgement on divorce
15
Q
why did the commission to secure annulment fail?
A
- w failed to keep good contact w rome & ignored lorenzo campeggio, cardinal protector of eng
- but pope did eventually agree on commission and ordered campeggio in private to not use it on final judgement (as he’s tired of the bullying of eng envoys)
- LEGATINE COURT set up june 1529- CoA refused to recog it
- Pope recalled the case to rome, but news did not reach eng until CC had a;ready ajorned the court- this sealed w’s fate and confirmed he’d failed
