B4 Bioenergetics Flashcards
Plants use glucose for 5 ways
For respiration ( transfers energy from glucose ) .
For making animo acids ( glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids.Amino acids are used to make proteins.
Stored as starch
Carbon dioxide + water
Glucose + oxygen
At first , the more light there is the
Faster photosynthesis happens
The more carbon dioxide there is the
Faster the photosynthesis happens
What is respiration
Respiration is the process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose
Respiration is what type of reaction
Exothermic
Three examples of how organisms use the energy transferred by respiration
To build up larger molecules from smaller ones
In animals, to move around
In mamals and birds to keep warm
What is metabolism
The sum of all the reactions that take place in a cell or the body
Aerobic respiration
Respiration using oxygen
Most of the resctions in aerobic respiration happen inside
Mitochondria
Word eauation for resporation
Glucose + oxygen - carbon dioxide + water
When you do hard excercise your body sometimes can’t supply enough oxygen to your muscles.When this happens
They start doing anaerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration does not transfer anywhere near as much
Energy as aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration is the incomplete
Breakdown of glucose
Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is called
Fermentation
Word eauation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells
Glucose - ethanol + carbon dioxide
Why does anaerobic respirstion not transfer as much energy as aerobic respiration
Because the glucose has not combined with oxygen like it does in aerobic respiration.Oxidation of glucose is not complete
When you ecercise somwmof your muscle contract more often so
You need more energy
The energy comes from increased
Respiration
Increase in respiration in your cells
Breathing rate increases
Your breath volume increases
Heart rate increases
When you excercise really hard your bosy can’t supply oxygen to your muscle quickly enough.This means your muscles start doing
Anaerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration is not the best way to transfer energy from glucose because
Lactic acid builds up in the muscles which gets painful
