B4

Question 1

alleles

Answer 1

versions of genes

Question 2

selection pressures

Answer 2

preditation competition disease

Question 3

natural selection

Answer 3

survival of fittest
those w better adaptations more likely to survive

Question 4

how does bacteria provide evidnce of evolution

Answer 4

-random mutaions
-creTe new alleles
-change bacteria’s characteristics
-eg bactterium become less effcted by anyibiotics
-advantage for bacterium
-resistance passed on more it reproduces
-which is natural selection
-eveloution bc bateria better adapted

Question 6

the deeper the rock=older the fossil

Question 7

darwin

Answer 7

-evolution by natural selction
-5 yrs voyage
-characteristcs mosy suited to envronment=more likely to survive
-characteristcs passed on to offpsring

Question 8

wallace

Answer 8

-natural selection off if darwin

Question 9

classification

Answer 9

all related in someway if all living organisms hv decenced from a common ancestor

Question 10

anitibuotic resistance

Answer 10

understand importance of finsihing course of drugs to prevent resistant bacterium soreading

Question 11

conservation

Answer 11

importance of genetic diveristy and how it helps poukations adaot to changing environments
conservation projects=prtects species

Question 12

phenotype

Answer 12

observable characteristics

Question 13

genome

Answer 13

entire organism

Question 14

genotype

Answer 14

combination of genes/allele

Question 15

mutation

Answer 15

change in dna code so protien may be different

Question 16

natural selection

Answer 16

those organisms with best featurs survive and reproduce

Question 17

survival of the fittest

Answer 17

best survive
darwin
traits being passed onto to offspring

Question 18

evolution

Answer 18

inheritance of certain characteristics
everyone is related to

Question 19

how is evolution proven

Answer 19

antibiotic resistance bacteria
fossil evidence

Question 20

variation

Answer 20

could be due to genes or coule be due to environment

Question 21

ardi

Answer 21

4.4 million yrs ago
walk upright
long arms
curved toes
mix of human n ape traits

Question 22

lucy

Answer 22

3.2 million yrs ago
more upright walkinh
smaller skul then modern humans

Question 23

richards discovery

Answer 23

1.6 million
larger braincase
flater face
closer to modern humans

Question 24

what did early humans use stone tools for

Answer 24

hunt
prepare food
protect

Question 25

how did tools get more advanced overtime

Answer 25

sharper specalised

Question 26

stratigraphy

Answer 26

layer rock was found

Question 27

carbon dating

Answer 27

of nearby material estimate age

Question 28

lower rock down

Answer 28

older

Question 29

how was stone tools made

Answer 29

knapping hit with rock

Question 30

pentadactyl limb

Answer 30

limb with 5 digits found in many vertbras suggest all evolved from common ancestor

Question 31

proces of evolution

Answer 31

Variation Allele mutation Selective advantage Survive Reproduce Offspring Gene(allele passed on) Over time

Question 32

what are the 5 kingdoms of life

Answer 32

animals plants funhi protoctists bacteria

Question 33

animals

Answer 33

multicellular hetrotrophs mostly sexual reproduction

Question 34

hetrotrophs

Answer 34

animals have to get energy from other things eg food

Question 35

plants

Answer 35

multicellular autrotrophic

Question 36

autotrophic

Answer 36

energy from sun (photosynthesis)

Question 37

fungi

Answer 37

multicellular unicellular saprotrophs

Question 38

saprotrophs

Answer 38

secrete enzymes outside body

Question 39

protoctists

Answer 39

unicellular some have chloroplasts n photosynthesise autrophic and neterophic

Question 40

bacteria

Answer 40

live about everywhete no chloroplasts most feed off of other organisms

Question 41

gentic engeneering

Answer 41

diserable characteristic n transfer to another organism so it develops same thing modifying genome

Question 42

example or genetic engineering

Answer 42

bacteria->insulin->diabetes

Question 43

gene therapy

Answer 43

giving person healthy version of a gene but hard to transfer into every cell

Question 44

pros of genetic engineering

Answer 44

-get the desirable characteristics -more fruits resistance to disease -more food less money

Question 45

cons of genetic engineering

Answer 45

-dont know how much its effects health -mught get blown into wild and change other crops

Question 46

genetic engineering steps

Answer 46

-get the gene you wants->restriction enzyme -vector->plasmid -organsim want to have it->take up vector + start producing the protein