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CP Test 1 > B4-002 Autonomic Nervous System > Flashcards

B4-002 Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

mediates adaptive behavioral and physiological effects in response to variety of internal and external sensory stimuli

A

ANS

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2
Q

have a final interneuronal synapse between a CNS (preganglionic) neuron and a peripheral (postganglionic) neuron

A

autonomic motor pathways

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3
Q
  • don’t have neurons in ganglia
  • CNS neuron project directly into muscle
A

voluntary motor pathways

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4
Q

have ganglia which contain peripheral neurons but not interneuronal synapses

A

sensory nerves

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5
Q

both sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia have

A

cholinergic excitatory synapses

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6
Q

ganglionic neurotransmission in both sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways is mediated by

A

excitatory nicotinic cholinergic receptors

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7
Q

output is discrete

A

parasympathetic nervous system

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8
Q

output is diffuse

A

sympathetic nervous system

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9
Q

sites of autonomic neurotransmission

A

varicosities

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10
Q

transmission between a varicosity and target cell occurs across a

A

junction

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11
Q

prejunctional component

A

varicosity

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12
Q

postjunctional component

A

target cell

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13
Q

primary transmitters of parasympathetic neuroeffector transmission

A
  • acetylcholine
  • nitric oxide
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14
Q

acetylcholine: synthetic enzyme

A

choline acetyltransferase

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15
Q

nitric oxide: synthetic enzyme

A

NO synthase

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16
Q

acetylcholine: termination

A

cholinesterase

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17
Q

nitric oxide: termination

A

diffusion

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18
Q

acetylcholine: receptor

A

muscarinic

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19
Q

nitric oxide: receptor

A

guanylate cyclase

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20
Q

acetylcholine: positively effects

parasympathetic

A

M1, M3, M5

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21
Q

acetylcholine: negatively effects

parasympathetic

A

M2, M4

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22
Q

nitric oxide: effect

A

smooth muscle relaxation

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23
Q

sympathetic neurotransmitters

A

acetylcholine (5%)
norepinephrine

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24
Q

acetylcholine: effects

sympathetic

A
  • eccrine sweat glands
  • gland excitation
  • thermoregulation only
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25
Q

norepinephrine: synthetic enzyme

A

dopamine B-hydroxylase

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26
Q

norepinephrine: termination

A
  • 80% reuptake
  • COMT, MAO

`

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27
Q

norepinephrine: receptor

A

adrenoreceptor

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28
Q

a1 is located

A

post junctional

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29
Q

a1 causes

A
  • smooth muscle to contract
  • increased salivation
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30
Q

a2 is located

A

pre-junctional

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31
Q

a2 inhibits

A

NE release

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32
Q

b1 is located in

A

heart, kidneys

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33
Q

b1 causes

A
  • increased inotropy
  • increased chronotropy
  • increased angiotensin II
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34
Q

b2 is located

A
  • smooth muscle
  • glands
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35
Q

b2 causes

A
  • smooth muscle relaxation
  • increased salivation
  • increased glycogenolysis
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36
Q

B3 is located

A

fat

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37
Q

B3 causes

A

increased lipolysis

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38
Q

acetylcholine and norepinephrine can excite or inhibit depending on

A

types of post junctional receptors present on target cell

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39
Q

the amount of transmitter released by postjunctional autonomic nerves is regulated by

A

prejunctional inhibitory autoreceptors

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40
Q

if excitatory transmitter release is persistently high…

A

post junctional receptor sensitivity can decrease

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41
Q

if excitatory transmitter release is continuously low…

A

receptor sensitivity can increase

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42
Q

mediates “fight or flight”

A

sympatho-adrenal system

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43
Q

characterized by broad and diffuse system activation

A

sympathetic system

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44
Q

mediates “feed and breed”

A

parasympthetic system

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45
Q

characterized by discrete changes in activity to selected organs

A

parasympathetic system

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46
Q

the parasympathetic system activates non vascular smooth muscle via

A

cholinergic receptors

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47
Q

the parasympathetic system always relaxes spinchters via

A

cholinergic receptors

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48
Q

the parasympathetic system inhibits cardiac activity via

A

cholinergic receptors

49
Q

the parasympathetic system activates glands via

A

cholinergic receptors

50
Q

the parasympathetic system relaxes vascular smooth muscle via

A

nitrergic receptors

51
Q

the sympathetic system contracts smooth muscles via

A

a1 receptors

52
Q

the sympathetic system relaxes smooth muscle via

A

b2 receptors

53
Q

the sympathetic system excites the heart and kidney JG cells via

A

b1 receptors

54
Q

the sympathetic system excites adipocytes via

A

b3 receptors

55
Q

the sympathetic system increases glandular secretion via

A

a1, b2, M

56
Q

[sympathetic or parasympathetic]

mydriasis

pupil dialtion

A

sympathetic

57
Q

[sympathetic or parasympathetic]

miosis

pupil constriction

A

parasympathetic

58
Q
  • occurs when sympathetic innervation to the head is damaged
  • ptosis
  • miosis
  • facial anhidrosis and flushing
A

horner’s syndrome

59
Q

[sympathetic or parasympathetic]

increases GI motility

A

parasympathetic

60
Q

[sympathetic or parasympathetic]

decreases spinchter tone

A

parasympathetic

61
Q

[sympathetic or parasympathetic]

increases enteric blood flow

A

parasympathetic

62
Q

[sympathetic or parasympathetic]

reduces GI motility

A

sympathetic

63
Q

[sympathetic or parasympathetic]

increases spinchter tone

A

sympathetic

64
Q

too little sympathetic NE in the bladder will cause

A

incontinence

65
Q

too little parasympathetic ACh in the bladder will cause

A

retention

66
Q

sacral parasympathetic neuropathy can cause

A

erectile dysfunction

67
Q

NO acts on gaunylate cyclase to produce

A

cGMP

causes smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation

68
Q

NO acts on gaunylate cyclase to produce

A

cGMP

causes smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation

69
Q

Viagra inhibits phosphodiesterase 5, which breaks down cGMP.
This amplifies

A

the affect of NO, increasing tumescence

70
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

protect retina:
* pupillary constrictor
* cleanse lacrimal

A

M+

parasympathetic

71
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

protect from noxious agents
* bronchiolar smooth muscle
* nasopharyngeal glands

A

M+

parasympathetic

72
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

decrease heart rate

A

M-

parasympathetic

73
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

promote digestion:
* salivary gland secretion
* enteric smooth muscle

A

M+

parasympathetic

74
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

increased blood flow to vascular smooth muscle

A

NO-

parasympathetic

75
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

defecation:
anal spinchter SM

A

M-

parasympathetic

76
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

urination:
bladder SM

A

M+

parasympathetic

77
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

urinary:
relax GU spinchters

A

M-

parasympathetic

78
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

erection

A

NO-

parasympathetic

79
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

increased light, distance vision:
* pupillary dilator
* tarsal SM

A

a1+

sympathetic

80
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

increased air intake:
bronchiolar SM

A

b2-

sympathetic

81
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

delay digestion:
enteric smooth muscle

A

b2-

sympathetic

82
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

delay digestion:
decreased blood flow to GI

A

a1+

sympathetic

83
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

delay defecation:
anal spinchter SM

A

a1+

sympathetic

84
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

thick, copius saliva

A

a1, B2+

sympathetic

85
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

increased blood glucose from liver

A

B2

sympathetic

86
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

increase heart rate

A

b1+

sympathetic

87
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

prevent urination:
bladder body SM

A

b2-

sympathetic

88
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

prevent urination:
GU spinchters

A

a1+

89
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

ejaculation

A

a1+

sympathetic

90
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

hair follicle smooth muscle

A

a1+

sympathetic

91
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

eccrine sweat glands

A

M+

sympathetic

92
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

apocrine sweat glands

A

a1+

sympathetic

93
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

lipolysis

A

b3+

sympathetic

94
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

increased force of skeletal muscle

A

b2+

sympathetic

95
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

skeletal VSM

A

b2-

sympathetic

96
Q

name the receptor type and state if sympathetic or parasympathetic

cutaneous, splanchic, renal VSM

A

a1+

sympathetic

97
Q

dry mouth is caused by

xerostomia

A

reduced SNS/PSNS excitatory innervation

98
Q

dsyphagia is caused by

A

reduced PSNS-mediated motility

99
Q

airway obstruction is caused by

A

PSnS constriction accompanying loss of SNS dilation

100
Q

SNS loss causes what change in heart rate?

A

bradycardia

101
Q

PSNS loss causes what change in heart rate?

A

tachycardia

102
Q

PSNS loss causes what GI disturbances?

A
  • hypomobility
  • constipation
103
Q

SNS loss causes what gastic distubances?

A
  • hypermobility
  • fecal incontinence
104
Q

erectile dysfunction is caused by

A

PSNS loss

105
Q

ejaculatory dysfunction is caused by loss of

A

SNS

106
Q

urinary retention is caused by loss of

A

PSNS function

107
Q

urinary incontinence is caused by loss of

A

SNS function

108
Q

miosis is caused by loss of

A

SNS regulation

109
Q

mydriasis is caused by loss of

A

PSNS function

110
Q

anhydrosis is caused by loss of

A

SNS cholinergic function

111
Q

pupillary dilation and urinary retention would be caused by a […] agonist

A

a1

112
Q

reduced GI activity may be caused by a […] agonist

A

b2

113
Q

increased heart rate may be caused by a […] agonist

A

b1

114
Q

ganglionic neurotransmission is mediated by

A

excitatory nicotinic receptors

115
Q

blocking ganglionic neurotransmission leads to

A
  • less Ach and NE released
  • decreased plasma epinephrine
116
Q

what type of drug

  • excitatory to smooth muscle
  • inhibit spinchter contraction
  • activate sweat glands
  • constrict pupils
  • decrease heart rate
A

muscarinic agonist

117
Q

what type of drug would:

  • cause tachycardia
  • no change in blood pressure
A

beta 1 agonist

118
Q

mucarinic effects

A

Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Eemesis
Larcrimation
Sweating
Salivation

CP Test 1 (16 decks)

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