B3.2 Transport Systems: The circulatory system Flashcards
What system transports substances around the body?
The circulatory system
What does the heart do and what is much of the wall made from?
- Pumps blood around body and to lungs
- Muscle tissue
What are the 4 main chambers of the heart; where is each one found? (your point of view, looking at exam paper)
TOP RIGHT= left atrium
BOTTOM RIGHT= left ventricle
TOP LEFT= right atrium
BOTTOM LEFT=right ventricle
Describe the journey of the blood, starting when it enters the atria (5 marks)
(B=Blood) ATRIA contract, force B into VENTRICLES, contract, force B out, VALVES stop back flow, B from heart through ARTERIES to organs, B comes back through VEINS
Which side of the heart and through what does oxygenated blood enter at? From where does it leave?
- LEFT atrium
- In through pulmonary veins
- Out through aorta, to body
What does the coronary artery do?
Supply blood to the heart muscle
Which side of the heart and through what does deoxygenated blood enter at? From where does it leave?
- RIGHT atrium
- In through vena cava
- Out through pulmonary artery to lungs
Only one artery carries deoxygenated blood. Which is it and why is this?
The pulmonary artery because it will become oxygenated when it reaches the lungs
Which part of the heart sends blood all around the body and where does the other side send the blood to?
- The LEFT atrium->ventricle->aorta
- The lungs
Describe an artery
Thick walls, narrow lumen, contain muscles and elastic fibres. Carry high pressure blood.
Describe a vein
Thinner elastic walls and have valves because of low-pressure blood (Veins have Valves)
When are stents used?
When arteries begin to narrow and restrict blood flow
What does blood flow through in the organs? Describe the features
Narrow, thin-walled blood vessels; CAPILLARIES
What else happens with substances in the capillaries?
Substances needed by cells in body tissues pass out of blood (and vice versa)
