B3.2 The blood and plant transport Flashcards
What is blood and what is it made up of?
A tissue
Plasma containing red and white blood cells and platelets
What does blood plasma transport? (3 marks)
- CO2 from organs to lungs
- Soluble products of digestion from small int. to other organs
- Urea from liver to kidneys
What is the purpose of red blood cells?
To transport oxygen from the lungs to the organs
What is the red pigment that is packed into red blood cells?
Haemoglobin
(a) Where is oxyhaemoglobin made and (b) what happens to it in other organs?
(a) Lungs, oxygen combines with haemo.
(b) Oxyhaemo. splits to oxygen and haemo.
Do white blood cells have a nucleus? What do WBCs do?
- Yes
- Destroy pathogens, are part of body’s defence system against microorganisms
What are platelets? What do they do?
- Small fragments of cells with no nucleus
- Help blood to clot on a wound
What does xylem tissue transport?
Water and mineral ions from roots to stem and leaves
What is the transpiration stream?
The movement of water from roots through xylem and out of leaves
What does the phloem tissue carry?
Dissolved sugars from leaves to the rest of plant, inc. the growing regions and storage organs
Do plants have separate transport systems for water and nutrients?
YES, xylem=water and minerals and phloem=dissolved sugars/nutrients
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of a biological (donor) valve
+ Red blood cells not damaged as they pass through
- Prone to hardening over the years
Give one advantage and one disadvantage of a mechanical valve
+ Strong, can last a lifetime
- Damage red blood cells as they pass through open valves
What are two advantages and two disadvantages of using an artificial heart?
+ Extends lifespan
+ Useful when patient near to death/no other option
- Risk of infection
- Low success rate
