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B3 > B3.2 > Flashcards

B3.2 Flashcards

1
Q

How are substances transported around the body

A

By the circulatory system

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2
Q

What does the circulatory system include

A

Heart
Blood vessels
Blood

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3
Q

Where is substances in blood transported from

A

Where they are taken in to cells or from cells to where they are taken out

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4
Q

What has modern developments in biomedical and technological research enabled us to do

A

Help people when the circulatory system is not working well

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5
Q

What do plants have separate transport systems for

A

Water and nutrients

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6
Q

What does the circulatory system do

A

Transports substances around the body

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7
Q

What is the heart

A

An organ that pumps blood around the body

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8
Q

What is the heart made out of

A

Muscle tissue

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9
Q

How many chambers are there in the heart

A

4

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10
Q

What are the four main chambers in the heart

A

Left atrium
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle

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11
Q

What do valves do

A

Ensure that blood flows in the correct direction

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12
Q

How many circulation systems are there in the body and what are they

A

2

One for lungs and one for the rest of the organs in the body

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13
Q

Structure of ateries

A

They have a thick wall containing muscle and elastic fibres

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14
Q

Structure of veins

A

Thinner walls than arteries

Often have valves to prevent back flow blood

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15
Q

What is a solution if arteries begin to narrow and restrict blood flow

A

Stents are used to keep them open

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16
Q

What are capillaries

A

Very narrow, thin walled blood vessels

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17
Q

Where do substances produced and needed by the cell get in and out of the bloodstream

A

Through the walls of the capillaries

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18
Q

What is blood

A

A tissue and consists of a fluid called plasma in which red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are suspended

19
Q

What does blood plasma transport

A

Carbon dioxide from the organs to the lungs

Soluble products of digestion from the small intestine to other organs

Urea from the liver to the kidney

20
Q

What do red blood cells do

A

Transport oxygen from the lungs to the organs

21
Q

Why dont red blood cells have a nucleus

A

To get as much haemoglobin as possible in the blood cell

22
Q

What are red blood cells packed with

A

A red pigment called haemoglobin

23
Q

What happens to the haemoglobin in the lungs

A

Haemoglobin combines with oxygen to form oxyhemoglobin

24
Q

In other organs other than the lungs what does the oxyhemoglobin do

A

Splits up into haemoglobin and oxygen

25
Q

What do white blood cells have that red blood cells dont have

A

A nucleus

26
Q

What do white blood cells form a part of

A

Part of the body’s defence system against microorganisms

27
Q

What are platelets

A

Small fragments of cells

28
Q

What do red blood cells and platelets have in common

A

They have no nucleus

29
Q

What do platelets help blood do

A

To clot at the site of a wound

30
Q

How many separate transport systems do flowering plants have

A

3

31
Q

What do xylem tissues transport

A

Water and mineral ions from the roots to the stem and leaves

32
Q

What is transpiration stream

A

The movement of water from the roots through the xylem and out of the leaves

33
Q

What does phloem tissues transport

A

Dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant, including the growing regions and the storage organs

34
Q

What are the three transportation systems in a flowering plant

A

Phloem
Xylem
Transpiration stream

35
Q

How are capillaries formed

A

Arteries branch out many times .

36
Q

How are veins formed

A

Arteries branch out to form capillaries which join up to form veins

37
Q

What makes capillaries suitable for diffusion

A

One cell thick
Very thin walls
Wider than arteries

38
Q

What do vessels

A

They carry blood

39
Q

What do chambers do

A

Pump blood

40
Q

What does coronary artery do

A

Supplies heart muscle with blood rich in oxygen and nutrients

41
Q

Why are blood vessels narrow

A

Fatty deposits can be deposited into the blood vessels

42
Q

How can heart attacks happen

A

If fat blocks the coronary artery

43
Q

How do stents work

A

Narrow mesh tube inserted into blood vessel
Balloon inside tube blown up
Expands the blood vessel
Blood flow restored

44
Q

How is blood circulated through the heart starting in the left atrium. Do not forget contraction and relaxation

A

the left atrium contracts and then the oxygenated blood goes to the left ventricle. Then to the aorta.
Then the rest of the body
The artery splits into capillaries then joins together to form veins which carries the deoxygenated blood. The vena cava carries the blood to the right atrium and then the right ventricle. Blood carried to through the pulmonary artery to become oxygenated and brought back to the heart in he pulmonary vain and into the left atrium.

B3 (4 decks)

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