B3.1

Question 1

Sensory Neurones

Answer 1

Carry electrical impulses from receptor cells to CNS

Question 2

Relay Neurones

Answer 2

Carry electrical impulses from sensory neurones to motor neurones

Question 3

Motor Neurones

Answer 3

Carry electrical impulses from the CNS to effectors

Question 4

The nerve pathway is known as the ………

Answer 4

Reflex arc

Question 5

What is the order of the reflex arc

Answer 5

Stimulus - receptor cells - sensory neurone - spinal cord - motor neurone - effector - response

Question 6

Three examples of stimuli

Answer 6

• Thermal
• Chemical
• Light/Sound waves

Question 7

Five examles of Reflexes

Answer 7

• Pupil Dilation
• Flinching
• Blinking
• Coughing
• Gagging

Question 8

Cornea description and function

Answer 8

• Transparent layer on front of the eye
• Protects the eye: refracts light

Question 9

Pupil, function and description

Answer 9

• central hole in iris
• allows light to enter the eye

Question 10

Iris, description and function

Answer 10

• coloured ring of muscle tissue
• alters pupil size: contracting/relaxing

Question 11

lens, description and function

Answer 11

• transparent biconcave lens
• focuses light clearly onto retina

Question 12

Ciliary body

Answer 12

• ring of muscle tissue
• alters shape of lens

Question 13

Suspensory ligaments, description and function

Answer 13

• ligament tissue
• connects ciliary muscle to lens

Question 14

Optic nerve, description and function

Answer 14

• nervous tissue
• carries nerve impulses to brain

Question 15

Short sightedness cause

Answer 15

• lens too strong
• eyeball too long

Question 16

Long sightedness cause

Answer 16

• lens too weak
• eyeball too short

Question 17

What are the two retina photoreceptor cells?

Answer 17

Cones, rods

Question 18

Rod cells description

Answer 18

• respond to light
• allow to see in low light
• do not respond to colours

Question 19

Cones cells description

Answer 19

• respond to different colours

Question 20

What does your brain process?

Answer 20

Your brain processes all the information collected by receptor cells about changes in your external and internal environment

Question 21

Pituary Gland description

Answer 21

Controls release of hormones

Question 22

Hypothalemus description

Answer 22

• small region in the centre of brain
• regulation centre (eg. Temperature)

Question 23

Cerebrum description

Answer 23

• largest region
• consciousness/memory

Question 24

Medulla description

Answer 24

• brain stem attached to spinal cord
• heart rate, breathing

Question 25

Cerebellum description

Answer 25

• lower rear section
• involuntary movements/balance

Question 26

What do Ct scan do and how do they do it?

Answer 26

• use x-rays
• create 3D images inside body

Question 27

What are disadvantages of CT scans?

Answer 27

Increase risk of cancer

Question 28

MRI, what does it do and how

Answer 28

• use powerful magnets to identify brain abnormalities
• fMRI produces real time images
• identify area of increased blood flow (active)

Question 29

What does the CNS consist of

Answer 29

• brain and spinal cord

Question 30

What does the PNS consist of?

Answer 30

• all neurones that connect the CNS to the rest of the body

Question 31

Myelin Sheath

Answer 31

Keeps the electrical impulses from leaving; fatty membrane

Question 32

Concave

Answer 32

When light rays coming from different directions come together to meet at a single point

Question 33

Diverge

Answer 33

When light rays are spreading out or moving away from each other

Question 34

What are the advantages and disadvantages of Corneal Surgery

Answer 34

• Uses Lasers to reshape eye
• permanent
• improves sight
• not recommended under 18
• astigmatism
• glaucoma

Question 35

Retina

Answer 35

The layer of light-sensitive cells at the back of the eyeball