B3: Variation and Classification Flashcards
What is meant by variation?
Differences in characteristics e.g. hair colour, eye colour, etc.
Give examples of environmental variation.
Scars
Tattoos
Dyed hair
What is meant by a characteristic?
A feature of an organism
What is a species?
A group of organisms that share similar features
And can produce fertile offspring.
Name the two types of variation.
Inherited variation
Envrionmental variation.
Which charactersitics are not affected by the environment?
Blood group
Natural eye colour
Genetic diseases.
Give examples of genetic variation.
Natural eye colour
Natural hair colour
Blood group
Genetic diseases.
How can nose shape be genetic and environmental variation?
Genetic: nose shape is inherited from parents
Envrionmental: a person may have cosmetic surgery or break their nose.
Members of the same species show _______ variation compared to members of different species.
less
Why are siblings (brothers and sisters) not identical to each other?
They inherit a different mixture of genes form their parents.
What is meant by discontinuous variation?
When a charateristic only has a few possible outcomes (e.g. blue, green, brown - eye colour)
How do we present continuous variation?
As a line graph/ histogram
What is meant by continuous variation?
When a characteristic can have a whole range of values (e.g. height)
Give 3 examples of discontinuous variation.
gender
Blood group
Eye colour
What kind of graph/ chart is used to show discontinuous variation?
A bar chart
Give 3 examples of continuous variation.
Height
Weight
Arm span
What are flowering plants?
Have flowers which make seeds.
What are fungi?
Thread like hyphae, make spores.
What are invertebrates?
Animals without backbones.
What are annelids?
Invertebrate with body divided into segments
What are molluscs?
Invertebrates with a shell and muscular foot.
What are Arthropods?
Invertebrate with an exoskeleton and jointed legs.
What are crustaceans?
Chalky exoskeleton.
What are insects?
3 parts to body, 3 pairs of legs, 2 pairs of wings
What are arachnids?
Body into 2 parts, 4 pairs of legs
What are fish?
Scales, fins and gills.
What are amphibians?
Soft moist skin, reproduce in water.
What are reptiles?
Dry scaly skin, lay leathery eggs on land
What are birds?
Feathers, wings, toothless beaks
What are mammals?
Hair or fur, give birth to live young, suckle their young
