B3 - Organisation And Digestive System Flashcards
Name all levels of organisation in an organ
Cell - tissue - organ - organ system - organism
Order the digestive system in order
Mouth Oesophagus Stomach Liver Pancreas Gall bladder Bile duct Small intestine Large intestine Rectum Anus
What is the oesophagus?
A tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach by muscular contractions
What does the liver do?
A large organ that produces a green liquid called bile that neutralises stomach acid and helps break down fats into tiny
droplets.
What does the pancreas do?
A gland (leaf-shaped) below the stomach that produces digestive enzymes that help break down food.
What does the small intestine do?
Long thin tube that food moves through after the stomach. Digested food is absorbed from the small intestine into
bloodstream. More enzymes are produced here to break down food further.
The blood then transports the nutrients to all body cells.
What does the large intestine do?
Water is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream from undigested food. Passes undigested food to the rectum.
Name all nutrients and what they do
Protein - amino acids - repair tissue
Carbohydrates - simple sugars (glucose) - give you energy
Fats - fatty acids (glycerol) - backup source of energy
Vitamins (c) - help maintain health (teeth , skin)
Minerals (iron) - to make blood
Fibre - to keep the digestive system healthy
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up the rate of reactions in living things.
How do enzymes denature
This happens when you have a really high temperature and a high/low PH meaning the enzyme will lose its shape (irreversible damage).
In what conditions do enzymes work the fastest
40c°
Describe all parts of an enzyme
Enzyme Active site Substrate molecule Enzyme + substrate molecule = enzyme substrate complex Products
