B3- Infection And Response

Question 1

What are pathogens?

Answer 1

microorganisms that enter the body and can cause diseases

Question 2

How does bacteria make you feel ill?

Answer 2

By producing toxins that damage your cells and tissues

Question 3

How does viruses make you feel ill?

Answer 3

By replicating themselves to produce many copies of themselves. The cell will usually then burst releasing all the new viruses

Question 4

What do parasites do?

Answer 4

They live on or inside other organisms and can cause them damage. They are often transferred to the organism by a vector, which doesn’t get the disease itself.

Question 5

How does fungi cause diseases?

Answer 5

They grow and penetrate human skin and surface of plants. They can also produce spores, which can be spread to other plants and animals.

Question 6

What are three ways in which pathogens can spread?

Answer 6

Water
Air
Direct contact

Question 7

How is measles spread and the effects of it?

Answer 7

Spread by droplets from an infected person’s sneeze or cough. Measles develops a bad skin rash and a fever. Measles can be fatal, and sometimes lead to lung infection or inflammation of the brain

Question 8

How is HIV spread and the effects?

Answer 8

Spread by sexual contact or blood. Causes flu-like symptoms and attacks the immune system

Question 9

What are the effects of Tobacco mosaic virus?

Answer 9

Mosaic pattern and discolour on leaves. Plants can’t carry out photosynthesis

Question 10

How is rose black spot spread and the effects?(fungal)

Answer 10

Spread in water or by the wind. Black spots develop on the leaves of rose plants, causing less photosynthesis

Question 11

How is Malaria spread and the effects?(protist)

Answer 11

Mosquitoes infect the animals when feeding on animals, by inserting the protist into the animals blood vessels. Causes repeated fevers and can be fatal