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Biochemistry > B28 Ellis > Flashcards

B28 Ellis Flashcards

1
Q

Give a rough overview as to what collagen is

A

Fibrous protein
Long stiff, triple helical structure
Most collagen Type 1, 2, 3

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2
Q

Where is type one collagen found

A

In the debris of the skin
Bone
Tendon

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3
Q

What si the arrangement of type one collagen

A

Close dense packed fibres

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4
Q

What’s I the site of synthesis for type one collagen

A

Fibroblasts mostly

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5
Q

What si the function of type 1 collagen

A

Resist Tension

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6
Q

Where is toe 2 collagen found

A

Hyaline dn elastic cartilage

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7
Q

What si the arrangement of type 2 collagen

A

Loose collagenous network

Fibrils in a ground substance

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8
Q

What is the site of synthesis for type 2 collagen

A

Chondroblasts

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9
Q

What si the function of type 2 collagen

A

Resist intermittent pressure

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10
Q

Where is type 3 collagen found

A

Smooth muscle
Lungs
Arteries

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11
Q

What si the arrangement of type 3 collagen

A

Reticular fibres

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12
Q

Where is type 3 collagen syn

A

Smooth muscle
Reticularis cells
Fibroblasts

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13
Q

What si type 3 collagen function

A

Structure maintenance in expandable organs

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14
Q

Where is type 4 collagen found

A

In the basal lamina

Basement mem

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15
Q

What is the arrangement of type 4 collagen

A

Thin
Amorphous
Not fibres or fibrils

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16
Q

Where is type 4 collagen synthesised

A

Epi snd endo cells
Muscle cells
Schwann cells

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17
Q

What si the purpose of type 4 collagen

A

Support and filtration

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18
Q

What is a glycosaminoglycan

A

Unbranched polysaccharide composed of repeating disaccharide units

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19
Q

What does the disaccharide repeating unit in gags composed of

A

One amino sugar

Uronic acid

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20
Q

Give an important gag example

A

Hyaluronan

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21
Q

Is hyaluoronana sulphated

A

No

22
Q

What si the structure of hyaluronan

A

N - acetylglucosamine with glucoronic acid

23
Q

What sia biological mem

A

Boundary all cells allowing various means of transport

Passively actively or ion channels

24
Q

What does a membrane prevent

A

Prevent molecules generated from inside the cell form leaking out and unwanted molecules form diffusing in; yet have trans system to uptake sp mols

25
Q

What si selective perm

A

Dynamic structure proteins
Float in lipids
Fluid mosaic structure
Cells can mediate sp mechanism

26
Q

Are membranes symmetrical

A

No the are asymmetric

Always differ

27
Q

What are lipids

A

Water insoluble bio molecules that are highly soluble in organic solvents

28
Q

What are the roles of lipids

A

Highly concentrated energy stores
Fuel molecules
Signal molecules and messengers in signal transduction
Mem components

29
Q

What are the three kinds of membrane lipids

A

Phospholipids
Glycolioids
Cholesterol

30
Q

What si the makeup of a lipid

A

Hydrophobic component - tail fatty acid chains

Hydrophillic component - head choline phosphate glycerol

31
Q

What are glycolioids

A

Sugar containing lipid derived form sphingosine

32
Q

In a glycolipid what is the sugar attached to

A

Primary hydroxyl group rather than phosphate

33
Q

What are glycolipids used for

A

Cell cell recognition

34
Q

What does cholesterol influence mem

A

Fluidity

35
Q

What si the structure of cholesterol

A

4 ring steroid
Hydroxyl
(Hydroxyl head interacts with phospholipids)

36
Q

What si the lipid bilayer role

A

Both solvent for the integral mem protiens and a perm barrier

37
Q

What controls mem fluidity

A

Fatty acid composition and cholesterol content length of chains, saturation of chain

38
Q

What are the general principles of cell signalling

A 
Cellular responses 
Intracellular signal pathways 
Molecular switches
Levels of regulation 
Intercellular signalling pathways
39
Q

What si a common way of switching a signal on or off

A

By phsphorylation
Using kinase to phos
Phosphatase to dephos

40
Q

What is needed for phosphorylation s

A

Serine
threonine
Tyrosine

41
Q

What is a cytoskeleton

A

Intricate network of protien filaments extend thro cell

42
Q

What does the cytoskeleton need

A

Support and shape
Direct movement
Sep chromosomes
Cellular movement

43
Q

What is the sytosjleotn composed of

A

Actin filament
Intermediate filaments
Microtubules

44
Q

What makes up the actin filaments

A

Actin
Long thin fibres
3D

45
Q

What do the actin filaments allow

A

Cell movement
Cell division
Ohagcoytosis
Shape contraction - myosin

46
Q

What are microtubules composed of

A

Alpha and beta tubulin

Long cylindrical hollow rods

47
Q

What do microtubules determine

A

Determine cell shape
Movement
Sep chromosomes

48
Q

What helps stabilise the microtubules

A

Map

Extend form centrosome

49
Q

What structure are intermediate filaments

A

Role structure

50
Q

What do the intermediate filaments allow

A

Mechanical strength

51
Q

What is a macromolecule

A

Molecule such as a protein, nucleic acid or polysaccharide with a molecular mass > 1000 Dalton’s

Biochemistry (13 decks)

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