B2.4 - Energy From Respiration Flashcards
Where does respiration take place?
The mitochondria.
Give three reasons why respiration is necessary.
- Living cells need to carry out basic life functions.
- In animals, energy is used for muscle contractions.
- Some animals need a constant body temeperature.
How do muscles store glucose?
As the carbohydrate glycogen.
What happens to the cardiovascular system when muscular activity increases?
- The heart rate increases.
- Arteries linked to muscles dilate increasing the blood flow.
- The supply of oxygen and glucose is increased.
- Carbon dioxide is removed more quickly.
What happens to the respiratory system when muscle activity increases?
- Breathing rate and depth increases.
- More oxygen is brought in and taken to the muscles.
- More carbon dioxide is removed from the lungs.
Give two advantages of exercise.
- The heart becomes larger and more efficient.
- The lungs become larger and more efficient.
What is produced from anaerobic respiration?
Lactic acid and energy
Why do muscles use anaerobic respiration?
When blood cannot supply oxygen to the muscles fast enough, the muscle cells get energy from glucose using anaerobic respiration.
What is muscle fatigue?
When the muscles stop contracting efficiently due to long term use.
Give two reasons for muscle fatigue.
- Using muscle fibres vigorously for a long time.
- Build up of lactic acid.
Why isn’t anaerobic respiration as efficient as aerobic?
Glucose isn’t broken down completely.
What is oxygen debt?
The amount of oxygen needed to break down the lactic acid.
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen —-> carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
