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a_GCSE Biology > B1 - Adaptation For Survival > Flashcards

B1 - Adaptation For Survival Flashcards

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1
Q

What do plants need to survive?

A
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Water
  • Oxygen
  • Nutrients
  • Light
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2
Q

What do animals need to survive?

A
  • Food from other organisms
  • Water
  • Oxygen
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3
Q

What is an adaptation?

A

A feature that enables an organism to survive in a particular environment.

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4
Q

Give two examples of plant adaptations in mangroves.

A
  • Mangroves can excrete salt through their leaves

- Their roots grow in the air in order to take in oxygen.

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5
Q

How are carnivores’ and herbivores’ teeth adapted?

A
  • Herbivores have teeth for grinding plant cells.

- Carnivores have teeth for tearing flesh or crushing bones.

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6
Q

What is an extremophile?

A

An organism that can survive and reproduce in extreme conditions.

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7
Q

Give five examples of extremophile.

A
  • Thermophile
  • Acidophile
  • Osmophile
  • Thermoacidophile
  • Xerophile
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8
Q

How does the Surface Area : Volume ratio change in animals in different environments?

A
  • Animals is hot environments have increased surface area.

- Animals in cold climates have decreased surface area.

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9
Q

Give four adaptations an animal living at a Poles might have.

A
  • Small extremities
  • Blubber
  • Thick fur
  • Small surface area.
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10
Q

How do animals adapt seasonally to their habitat?

A

Arctic animals change the colour of their fur.

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11
Q

Why do animals camouflages?

A
  • Predators don’t want to be seen coming by their prey.

- Prey doesn’t want to be seen by predators.

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12
Q

What are the two main issues for an animal living in hot conditions?

A
  • Lack of water

- Stopping high body temperature.

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13
Q

Give four adaptations that a desert animal may have.

A
  • Thin fur
  • Large surface area
  • Large extremities
  • Very little body fat
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14
Q

How do plants lose water?

A

Through the surface of their leaves as water vapour.

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15
Q

How are plants adapted to live in dry conditions?

A
  • Reduced surface area
  • Water storage tissues
  • Extensive root systems
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16
Q

What is a stoma?

A

A small hole in the leaf that allow for gas exchange.

17
Q

Give three leaf adaptations that a plant living in hot conditions may have.

A
  • Large surface area to collect dew.
  • Curled leaves.
  • Small surface area to prevent evaporation.
18
Q

What is competition?

A

Animals complete for food, territory and mates.

19
Q

What makes an animal a good competitor?

A

Useful adaptations.

20
Q

What animals are more successful competitors in terms of food?

A

Animals that eat a wide range of food.

21
Q

Why do animals compete for territory?

A
  • A place to mate
  • A place to make a nest
  • Somewhere to find food.
22
Q

Give two ways in which animals might compete to find a mate.

A
  • Fighting

- Display

23
Q

What four things do plants compete for?

A
  • Light
  • Water
  • Nutrients
  • Space to grow
24
Q

How do plants adapt their roots in order to compete?

A
  • Some plants have shallow roots for taking water from near the surface.
  • Some plants have deep roots that get water from underground.
25
Q

Give three ways that plants disperse seeds.

A
  • Wind
  • Mini explosions
  • Animals
26
Q

How have fig trees adapted to attract wasps?

A

They have a specially adapted flower which attracts the right wasp.

27
Q

How have fig wasps adapted?

A
  • Females have special shaped heads for entering the flower.

- Some males lose their wings so they can move inside the fig fruit.

28
Q

How has a star-nosed mole adapted to its environment?

A

By having ultra-sensitive tendrils and quick reaction time, the mole can consume its prey before it can get away.

29
Q

How are Venus fly traps adapted to live in boggy conditions?

A

They consume flies in order to get the nutrients that they can’t get from bog soil.

30
Q

What affects the distribution of living things?

A

Conditions that affect one animal such as oxygen level may reduce the distribution of one species in an area but lead to an increase of other species.

31
Q

Give four environmental changes that can affect the distribution of living organisms.

A
  • Average temperature
  • Oxygen concentration in water
  • Amount of sunlight
  • Average rainfall
32
Q

Give three living factors that could affect the distribution of living organisms.

A
  • New predator
  • New pathogen
  • New plants
33
Q

Give an example of how living organisms can be an indicator of pollution.

A

Lichens are sensitive to air pollution.

34
Q

How do organisms survive in many different conditions?

A

Organisms have adaptations that enable them to survive in their habitat.

a_GCSE Biology (23 decks)

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