B1 - Adaptation For Survival Flashcards
What do plants need to survive?
- Carbon dioxide
- Water
- Oxygen
- Nutrients
- Light
What do animals need to survive?
- Food from other organisms
- Water
- Oxygen
What is an adaptation?
A feature that enables an organism to survive in a particular environment.
Give two examples of plant adaptations in mangroves.
- Mangroves can excrete salt through their leaves
- Their roots grow in the air in order to take in oxygen.
How are carnivores’ and herbivores’ teeth adapted?
- Herbivores have teeth for grinding plant cells.
- Carnivores have teeth for tearing flesh or crushing bones.
What is an extremophile?
An organism that can survive and reproduce in extreme conditions.
Give five examples of extremophile.
- Thermophile
- Acidophile
- Osmophile
- Thermoacidophile
- Xerophile
How does the Surface Area : Volume ratio change in animals in different environments?
- Animals is hot environments have increased surface area.
- Animals in cold climates have decreased surface area.
Give four adaptations an animal living at a Poles might have.
- Small extremities
- Blubber
- Thick fur
- Small surface area.
How do animals adapt seasonally to their habitat?
Arctic animals change the colour of their fur.
Why do animals camouflages?
- Predators don’t want to be seen coming by their prey.
- Prey doesn’t want to be seen by predators.
What are the two main issues for an animal living in hot conditions?
- Lack of water
- Stopping high body temperature.
Give four adaptations that a desert animal may have.
- Thin fur
- Large surface area
- Large extremities
- Very little body fat
How do plants lose water?
Through the surface of their leaves as water vapour.
How are plants adapted to live in dry conditions?
- Reduced surface area
- Water storage tissues
- Extensive root systems
What is a stoma?
A small hole in the leaf that allow for gas exchange.
Give three leaf adaptations that a plant living in hot conditions may have.
- Large surface area to collect dew.
- Curled leaves.
- Small surface area to prevent evaporation.
What is competition?
Animals complete for food, territory and mates.
What makes an animal a good competitor?
Useful adaptations.
What animals are more successful competitors in terms of food?
Animals that eat a wide range of food.
Why do animals compete for territory?
- A place to mate
- A place to make a nest
- Somewhere to find food.
Give two ways in which animals might compete to find a mate.
- Fighting
- Display
What four things do plants compete for?
- Light
- Water
- Nutrients
- Space to grow
How do plants adapt their roots in order to compete?
- Some plants have shallow roots for taking water from near the surface.
- Some plants have deep roots that get water from underground.
Give three ways that plants disperse seeds.
- Wind
- Mini explosions
- Animals
How have fig trees adapted to attract wasps?
They have a specially adapted flower which attracts the right wasp.
How have fig wasps adapted?
- Females have special shaped heads for entering the flower.
- Some males lose their wings so they can move inside the fig fruit.
How has a star-nosed mole adapted to its environment?
By having ultra-sensitive tendrils and quick reaction time, the mole can consume its prey before it can get away.
How are Venus fly traps adapted to live in boggy conditions?
They consume flies in order to get the nutrients that they can’t get from bog soil.
What affects the distribution of living things?
Conditions that affect one animal such as oxygen level may reduce the distribution of one species in an area but lead to an increase of other species.
Give four environmental changes that can affect the distribution of living organisms.
- Average temperature
- Oxygen concentration in water
- Amount of sunlight
- Average rainfall
Give three living factors that could affect the distribution of living organisms.
- New predator
- New pathogen
- New plants
Give an example of how living organisms can be an indicator of pollution.
Lichens are sensitive to air pollution.
How do organisms survive in many different conditions?
Organisms have adaptations that enable them to survive in their habitat.
