B2.1 Cells Flashcards
Define cell membrane
Allows substances to enter or leave the cell
Define nucleus
Controls the cell and contains the DNA
Define Mitochondrion
Where energy is made
Define cytoplasm
Where chemical reactions take place
Define ribosomes
Where proteins are made (proteinsynthesis)
What is the flagellum on a bacteria cell used for?
It acts as a tail to help it move
What is chromosomal DNA?
It is essential genes for the bacterium cell for survival
Define cell wall
Helps keep the cell’s structure
What is plasmid DNA?
It is extra DNA for example in the bacterium cell it has the extra DNA of resistance
Name characteristics of a palisade cell and explain how it helps its purpose [4]
1) Tall - Fit more in a cell
2) Large surface area - absorbs minerals and water
3) In the leaf of plants - Photosynthesis
4) Chloroplasts - absorbs light for photosynthesis
Name characteristics of a sperm cell and explain how it helps its purpose [3]
1) Mitochondria - energy to swim
2) Long tail - for swimming
3) Acrosome (enzyme) - to digest egg membrane
What is the function of a root hair cell?
Name a characteristic it has to suit its purpose
It absorbs water and nutrients from the soil
Large surface area which speeds up absorption
Name organisms that have a cell wall [4]
Plants, algae, bacteria, fungi
Define diffusion
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration in a liquid or a gas
Define organelle
Structures within a cell
like a cell’s organs
