B2 - Organisation

Question 1

What is a group of organs working together to perform a particular function called?

Answer 1

An organ system

Question 2

True or false? A tissue is a group of cells of only one type, which work together to perform a function.

Answer 2

False. A tissue doesn’t have to be made up of only one cell type, it can include more than one type of cell.

Question 3

How do enzymes affect the rate of a reaction?

Answer 3

Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction (they act as biological catalysts)

Question 4

What is an active site of an enzyme?

Answer 4

The active site is the part of the enzyme that the substrate fits into

Question 5

Which type of molecule is broken down into amino acids?

Answer 5

Proteins are broken down into amino acids

Question 6

What are the products of lipid digestion?

Answer 6

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 7

What type of food molecule can be identified in a sample using the Benedict’s test?

Answer 7

Sugars

Question 8

True or false? The iodine test is used to test for lipids?

Answer 8

False. Iodine is used to test for starch

Question 9

Name the structures in the lungs where gas exchange takes place.

Answer 9

Alveoli (there are millions of these tiny air sacs in the lungs)

Question 10

On the diagram, which of the labels X, Y or Z, points to the trachea?

Answer 10

X
Y is the alveoli and Z is the diaphragm

Question 11

Name the structure labelled W on the diagram.

Answer 11

Bronchus

Question 12

Which side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

Answer 12

The right side of the heart

Question 13

Name the blood vessel which carries blood into the right atrium of the heart.

Answer 13

Vena cava

Question 14

What is the function of white blood cells?

Answer 14

White blood cells defend the body against infection

Question 15

What is plasma?

Answer 15

Plasma is the liquid that carries everything in blood

Question 16

What is a stent? How do stents reduce the risk of heart attack?

Answer 16

A stent is a tube that is inserted inside an artery. Stents keep coronary arteries open, so oxygenated blood can flow to the heart muscle.

Question 17

What is one disadvantage of using stents?

Answer 17

There is a risk of complications during the operation, a risk of infection from surgery, and a risk of patients developing thrombosis (a blood clot) near the stent

Question 18

Give the definition of ‘health’

Answer 18

Health is the state of physical and mental well-being

Question 19

True or false? Communicable diseases can be spread between people, or between animals and people.

Answer 19

True. Communicable diseases are contagious (non-communicable diseases are not)

Question 20

Give two examples of no -communicable diseases.

Answer 20

Asthma, cancer and coronary heart disease

Question 21

What is meant by the term ‘carcinogen’?

Answer 21

Something that causes cancer

Question 22

Name two organs that are affected by drinking too much alcohol

Answer 22

Liver and the brain

Question 23

What is a tumour? What causes tumours to form?

Answer 23

A tumour is a mass of cells. Tumours are formed as a result of cellular changes which lead to uncontrolled cell growth and division.

Question 24

True or false? Benign tumours are not cancerous.

Answer 24

True. Only malignant tumours are cancerous.

Question 25

Why does dingy mesophyll tissue have large air spaces?

Answer 25

The large spaces allow gases to diffuse in and out of cells

Question 26

What is translocation? In which tissue does it take place in a plant?

Answer 26

Translocation if the movement of food molecules through phloem tissue.

Question 27

What controls the opening and closing of the stomata?

Answer 27

Guard cells (they open stomata when turgid and close stomata when flaccid)