B2 ollie Flashcards
COSHH Regulation 6 -
Risk Assessment Considerations (1)
Hazardous properties of the substance Information on health effects provided by the supplier The level and duration of exposure The circumstances of the work Activities such as maintenance Any relevant workplace exposure limit
COSHH Regulation 6 -
Risk Assessment Considerations (2)
The effect of preventative and control measures
The results of relevant health surveillance
The results of monitoring
The risk presented by exposure to substances in combination
The approved classification of any biological agent Additional information
Level of Risk to Individuals
Age Gender Genetic make-up Sensitisation Morphology Pregnancy Other - previous illness , underlying conditions , nutritional status
Affect of Mixtures
Additive:
Combined effect is equal to the sum of its constituents (1+3=4)organic solvents
Antagonistic:
Combined effect is less than the sum of its
constituents (1+ 3=2) acids and alkali/toxin and antidote
Potentiating:
One substance enhances effect of another (0+ 2=10) alcohol potentiates effects of many chlorinated hydrocarbons
Synergistic:
Combines effect significantly greater than the sum (2+ 2=20) asbestos exposure and smoking
COSHH Assessments - Suitable and Sufficient
An assessment of the risks to health
Consideration of the practicability of preventing
exposure to hazardous substances
The steps which need to be taken to achieve adequate control Identification of other action necessary to comply with regulations 8-12 e.g. monitoring, health surveillance,maintenance of controls
COSHH Regulation 7 -
Prevention or Control of Exposure
Every employer s hall ensure that the exposure of his employees to substances harmful to health is either prevented, or if not reasonably practicable, adequately controlled
COSHH Regulation 7 -
Prevention or Control of Exposure; Hierarchy
Eliminate or substitute
If not reasonably practicable :
Design of systems , suitable equipment
Control of exposure at source (inc. ventilation and organisation) PPE in addition
COSHH Regulation 7 -
Prevention or Control of Exposure; Measures also to include
Safe storage, handling and disposal
Suitable maintenance
Reduce numbers of employees Reduce time of exposure
Hygiene facilities
Adequate control:
Employer must apply Principles of Good Practice (Schedule 2A)
COSHH Regulation 7 -
Prevention or Control of Exposure;
Principles of Good Practice (Schedule 2A)
Design and operate to minimise release
Take in to account all routes of exposure
Control proportionate to the health risk
Choose the most effective options to minimise escape and spread
Provide PPE in combination with other control measures
Check and review control measures
Inform and train employees
Ensure control measures do not increase risk
COSHH Regulation 7 -
Prevention or Control of Exposure;
Workplace Exposure Limits (1)
Airborne concentrations , averaged overtime, which according to current knowledge are thought to be safe
WELs must not be exceeded
Values published in Guidance Note EH40
COSHH Regulation 7 -
Prevention or Control of Exposure;
Workplace Exposure Limits (2)
Exposure controlled so far as LOW as is reasonably practicable Substances with the risk phrase R45, R46,or R49A (carcinogens and mutagens)
Substance or process listed in Schedule 1(carcinogens )
will gradually be replaced with the following hazard statements:
H350 – may cause cancer;
■ H340 – may cause genetic defects;
■ H350i – may cause cancer by inhalation;
■ H334 – may cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if
inhaled;
■ H317 – may cause an allergic skin reaction.
COSHH Regulation 7 -
Prevention or Control of Exposure;
Workplace Exposure Limits (3)
Substances which carry the Risk Phrase R42 or R42/43 (sensitisers ) Substances lis ted in HSE publication
Asthmagen?
Critical assessments the evidence for agents implicated in occupational asthma
COSHH Regulation 7 -
Prevention or Control of Exposure;
Additional Measures for Carcinogens (Schedule 1)
Total enclosure SFAIRP
Prohibition of eating, drinking and s moking
Floors , walls and other surfaces cleaned at regular intervals
Areas designated with signs
Stored, handled and disposed of safely
Closed, labelled containers
COSHH Regulation 7 -
Prevention or Control of Exposure;
Additional Measures for Biological Agents (Schedule 3)
Suitable signage Decontamination and disinfection Safe collection, storage and disposal Testing for presence outside primary confinement Procedures Vaccines where possible Hygiene measures Containment for group 3 and 4 agents
COSHH Regulation 8 - Use of Control Measures
Duties on employers to take reasonable steps to ensure controls are used:
To use controls
Return PPE to it’s accommodation
Report defects
COSHH Regulation 9 - Maintenance of Controls (1)
Employers to maintain control measures
Efficient state, efficient working order, good repair
LEV:
Thorough examination and test every 14 months , records to be kept for 5 years
Specified details to be recorded (ACOP)
Visual inspection weekly (ACOP)
COSHH Regulation 9 - Maintenance of Controls (2)
RPE to be checked at suitable intervals – usually monthly (ACOP) Records to be kept 5 years
Specified details recorded (ACOP)
Face fit testing (ACOP)
COSHH Regulation 10 - Monitoring
Needed when requisite for ensuring maintenance of adequate control or protecting health
Schedule 5 specific requirements – VCM, continuous , electrolytic chromium process every 14 days
Keep records for 40 years (personal) or 5years (static)
COSHH Regulation 11 - Health Surveillance (1)
If appropriate for the protection of employees health
Substances listed in Schedule 6 (e.g. VCM)
If an identifiable disease or adverse health effect
If there is a reasonable likelihood that the disease or effect may occur under the conditions of work
If valid techniques available
COSHH Regulation 11 - Health Surveillance (2)
Suitable health surveillance: Biological monitoring Biological effect monitoring Medical surveillance Enquiries about symptoms Review of records Keep records 40 years
COSHH Regulation 12 & 13
Reg 12. Information and training
Reg 13. Accident & incident arrangements
Asbestos
Crocidolite, amosite and chrysotile (blue, brown and white)
Crocidolite and amosite amphiboles (straight, needle-like fibres )
Chrysotile serpentine (curly/flexible fibres )
Asbestos RelatedDisease(1)
Main danger is due to the inhalation of fibres
Must be respirable size
Engulfed by phagocytic cells in lungs
Shape causes damage to cells - substances released
Cause deposition of fibrous material in lungs /other locations
Asbestos RelatedDisease(2)
Causes mesothelioma, asbestos is , lung cancer
Asbestos is is a fibrotic lung disease, caused by release of substances by macrophages
Leads to build up of collagen fibres in tissues , alteration in shape of alveoli, loss of elasticity in lungs
Characteristic of fibrogenic dusts
Scaring and thickening of lung tissues , pleural plaques
50% of sufferers go on to develop lung cancer or
mesothelioma
Level of exposure variable
Asbestos RelatedDisease(3)
Mesothelioma:
Cancer of pleura of lungs , almost always fatal
Lung cancer:
Tumours , not distinguishable from other lung cancers , nearly always fatal
Pleural plaques:
Thickened areas of lung, sign of exposure, usually no symptoms , small risk of future illness
CAR Regulations 4 to 10
Reg 4. Duty to manage (non-dom) Reg 5. Identification of the presence of asbestos Reg 6.Risk assessment Reg 7. Plans of work Reg 8. Licence Reg 9. Notification Reg 10. Information & training
CAR Regulations 11 to 18
Reg 11. Prevent exposure Reg 12. Use of control measures Reg 13. Maintenance of protective measures Reg 14. Clean protective clothing Reg 15. Emergency arrangements Reg 16. Prevent spread of asbestos Reg 17. Cleanliness of premiss & plant Reg 18.Designated areas
CAR Regulations 19 to24
Reg 19. Air monitoring
Reg 20. Standards for air tes ting & clearance
Reg 21. Standards for analys is
Reg 22. Was hing & cleaning facilities
Reg 24. Storage, distribution & labelling of raw asbestos & waste
CAR Regulation 4 -
Managing Asbestos in Non-domestic Premises
Duty holder must: Determine location and condition of ACMs Presume materials contain asbestos Keep records Assess risk of exposure Prepare management plan Review and monitor Provide information to persons likely to be exposed
Asbestos -Plan of Work (1)
Risk assessments
Procedures for assessment prior to maintenance work
A table of priority for action
Decisions about management options ,including the rationale Procedures for selection, control and monitoring of contractors or employees
There may be areas where the risk of exposure to asbestos fibres is too high to allow anyone to work or visit that location
The plan should include a system of work to enforce this
Asbestos -Plan of Work (2)
The monitoring arrangements
The personnel involved and their responsibilities
The training arrangements
The procedure for review of the plan including a timetable
The procedures for providing information (e.g. the location of ACM’s ) to those who need it
The procedure for reporting damage to materials containing asbestos
The procedures for emergency situations
Asbestos - Controls for Non-Licensable Work (1)
Refer to Asbestos Essentials
Segregate area – reduce numbers of personnel gaining access
Put up notices
Protect nearby surfaces with 500 gauge polythene fixed with duct tape
Double wrap waste in 1000 gauge polythene sheet and attach asbestos warning stickers
Clean equipment and area with damp rags
Asbestos - Controls for Non-Licensable Work (2)
PPE – disposable overalls with hood; type 5(BS EN ISO 13982-1) are suitable, boots without laces
RPE.Fit tested FFP3 or half mask/full face respirator with P3 filter
Visually check area to make sure cleaning is complete
Asbestos - Controls for Non-Licensable Work (3)
Drilling : Lowest speed (e.g. Hand drill) Cover the drill entry with pas te (e.g. wallpaper paste or shaving foam) or use a cowl attached to a type H vacuum Drill through paste Wipe residue with damp cloth Seal the hole’s edge with s ealant Insert sleeve to protect hole
Asbestos - Controls for Licensable Work (1)
Competent licensed contractor
Notification to HSE
Preparation and planning and appropriate work
methods Isolation/enclosure of the work with testing of the integrity of the enclosure
Entry/exit arrangement s uch as air locks
Full PPE with quantitative face-fittesting in a laboratory before RPE is used
Asbestos - Controls for Licensable Work (2)
Decontamination and hygiene procedures
Separate route for removal of asbestos waste clearance
Certificate at the end of the project
Lead
Inorganic or organic
Classic cases with inorganic lead:
Pottery glazing, battery manufacture, paint manufacture
Mainly ingestion and inhalation
Inorganic:
Sweet taste in mouth, lassitude, abdominal cramps , constipation, blue line on gums , wrist drop, loss of
co-ordination, convulsions , coma
Organic:
General malaise, talkativeness hallucinations , twitching
CLAW Regulations 4 to 9
Reg 4. Prohibition of lead glaze/young persons
Reg 5. Requirement for risk assessment/review /record
Reg 6. Prevent or if not RP control - OEL must not be exceeded
Reg 7. Prevention of eating, drinking and s moking
Reg 8. Maintenance, examination and testing of controls LEV 14 months
Reg 9. Air monitoring (if exposure significant) every 3 months or 12 months if lead alkyls
Must also be personal sampling, MDHS 6/3
CLAW Regulation 10
Reg 10:
Medical surveillance (if exposure significant) every 12 months
If exposure is likely to be significant employers must also carry out biological monitoring (usually every 6 months )
If levels exceeds action levels , employer must take
steps to reduce them
If levels exceed suspension levels employer must
discuss with doctor
Lead - Significant Exposure (1)
Significant exposure : Inhalation likely to be in excess of half the lead-in-air standard Substantial risk of ingesting lead Risk of skin contact with lead alkyls
Lead - Significant Exposure (2)
If exposure is significant:
The employer must then provide personal protective equipment (Reg. 5)
Monitor lead concentrations in air (Reg. 9)
Place employees concerned under medical surveillance (Reg.10)
Lead -Controls (1)
Substitution by lead-free materials
Use of pastes or emulsions rather than dusts Ensure that molten lead is below 500°C
Totally enclosed plant and containers LEV/GDV
Do not exceed OEL
Exclusion of persons from areas where exposure is likely to be significant
Lead -Controls (2)
Wet methods to reduce dust
PPE Training and education including personal hygiene Washing and changing facilities
Eating, drinking and s moking prohibited
Air monitoring
