B1 Ollie Flashcards
History of Occupational Health
Paracelsus (1493-1541)-miners
Ramazz ini 1713: 50 occupations - De Morbis Artificial Percival Potts 1775- Soot and scrotal cancer
Thomas Legge - first Medical Inspector of Factories 1898
History of Occupational Health
Phossy jaw - match making (phosphorous ) Workers in felt-hat industry - Mercury Pottery workers and lead
Bladder cancer in rubber workers Pneumoconios is in miners
Byssinosis - lung disease from fibres (textile workers )
Occupational Health Hazards
Chemical - liquids , dusts , fumes , fibres , mists , gases , vapours
Physical -noise,vibration,radiation,heat and cold,pressure
Biological-insects,mites,moulds,yeasts,fungi,bacteria,viruses
Ergonomic -posture,movement,repetitiveactions,illumination, visibility
Psychosocial – worry,work pressure,monotony,unsocial hours, stress , subssance abuse
Information Sources
Self-reported illnes s reports through the Labour Force Survey Reports of ill health by doctors and s pecialis t phys icians (Health and Occupational
Reporting Network-THOR and THOR-GP)
Death certificates
The Reporting of Injuries , Dis eas es and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations
Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB)Scheme
Labour Force Survey
Annual s urvey of approx 50,000 hous eholds
Questions relatedtojob,workplaceinjuries,trainingetc Managed by Office for National Statis tics
Self-reported Work Related Illnes s Survey
Figures from s urvey extrapolated to whole population
Health and Occupational Reporting Network
THOR-GP data from approx 300 GPs
MSD mos t common type of work-related illnes s Mental health illnes s -more days off Specialistdoctors reports -THOR
Internal Information Source
Occupational health s taff e.g.
occupational health nurses
Res ults of health s urveillance and health as s es s ments Riskassessments,especiallyspecificassessments suchas thosefor manual handling and dis play s creen equipment
Written procedures and policies (e.g. on alcohol and drug us e) Internally produced leaflets and guidance
Content of training courses and toolbox talks
External Information Sources
Professional bodies such as IOSH & HSE
Regulations , ACOPs and as s ociated guidance
Other public bodies
Commercial internet bas ed information s ervices Periodicals and journals
Trades union information
Consultancies
Published material e.g. text books /internet
Government Strategy (1)
Health, Work and Well-being, Caring for our Future 2005:
Engaging s takeholders
Improving working lives
Health care for working age people
Government Strategy (2)
Health, Work and Wellbeing :
The Workplace Well-being Tool
The Fit Note
Health, Work and Well-being Co-ordinators
Planning for Epidemics
Covid 19
Influenza
Government action
Employer action
Government Action (1)
Planning in advance
Gathering information in advance about the likelihood and effects of epidemics and pandemics
The preparation and development of vaccines
Government Action (2)
Where vaccines are not available the stockpiling of drugs to treat the symptoms of the disease (such as Tamifluagainst flu)
Slowing the s pread of epidemics by res tricting s ocial or other large gatherings
Res tricting travel to areas where pandemics are pres ent Providing information through a variety of s ources
Employer Action (1)
Carrying out risk assessments relating to potential epidemics Putting in place systems to keep a breas of government information and appointing a senior manager to co-ordinate ares pons e if necessary Ensuring cover is in place where key personnel may become ill
Ensuring systems for rapid communication of information to staff
Employer Action (2)
Consider contingency funding for epidemics
Ensuring any facilities are in place inadvance for prevention measures e.g. sufficient hand basins in appropriate places for hand was hing Consideration of methods to separate employees to reduce spread (social distancing)
Ensure that systems are in place for employees to report
symptoms at an early stage and quarantine
Vocational Rehabilitation - Principles
Whatever helps someone with a health problem to stay at, return to and remain in work
Key principles:
The need to intervene early
The need for good quality case management for those who need professional support
The importance of a bio-psycho-social approach, that
considers all of a person’s needs for getting or keeping work
Vocational Rehabilitation - Benefits to the Employer
Early intervention may prevent minor injuries becoming s erious Fewer employer’s liability claims
Reduced s taff abs ence
Reduction in overtime/temporary s taff cos ts (including training cos ts ) Les s dis ruption and los s of expertis e
Increas ed morale of employees
Vocational Rehabilitation - Benefits to the Employee
Ps ychos ocial benefits
Reduced ris k of los ing income
Les s chance of los ing promotion pros pects Return to work more quickly
Les s pain and s uffering
Bio-ps ychos ocial Model
3 Cirlces joined with Health in the middle
Psychological
Sociological
Biological
Rehabilitation Policy
Aims and scope
Clearly defined roles and res pons ibilities Communication of the policy
When rehabilitation is appropriate
Confidentiality requirements
Employee pay (e.g. if working reduced hours )
Clearly define proces s to be followed
Review arrangements
Cons ultation arrangements
Documentation e.g. employee agreement to the programme
Overcoming Barriers to Return
Working arrangements
Work environment
Work adjustments
Pathways to Work
National programme available to all claiming incapacity benefit Mandatory for new claimants
60% private and voluntary s ector
40%Job CentrePlus
Medical as s es s ment and return to work programme Coalition government - Work Programme
Condition Management Programmes (CMPs )
Established by NHS Primary Care Trusts
Support from specialist Incapacity Benefit Personal
Advisors at Jobcentre Plus
Financial s upport to eas e the trans ition back to work
Acces s to NHS health profes s ionals with s pecialis t s kills in health and work
Self management of long term conditions through s upported health education
Access to one to one cas e management andgroup work
JobCentre Plus
Supports people of working age from welfare to work
Part of DWP
Runs Access to Work:
Available to unemployed and employed where disability s tops them carrying out parts of their job
Each JobCentre Plus has a Disability Employment Advis er who deals with applications
Once a s upport agreed, individual or employer can claimfunds through the s cheme
Occupational Health Service - Aims
International Labour Organisation:
To protect workers against health hazards at work
To adapt the job to s uit the workers health s tatus
To make a contribution to the physical and mental well-being in the workforce