B2 - Adaptations

Question 0

What are generalist organisms? Give an example.

Answer 0

They are adapted to survive in a range of different habitats. Rats can live in cities, fields, forests etc.

Question 1

What are specialist organisms? Give an example.

Answer 1

Organisms which are highly adapted to survive ins specific environment. Panda’s are adapted to just eat bamboo.

Question 2

What are extremophiles?

Answer 2

Organisms which are adapted to live in very extreme conditions for example, high or low temperatures/pH levels.

Question 3

Give an example of an extremophile bacteria and what temperature is it best adapted for and why?

Answer 3

Thermus thermophilus, 65 degrees centigrade because the enzymes have a much higher optimum temperature.

Question 4

How do extremophiles live in very cold conditions?

Answer 4

They have an antifreeze protein which interfere with the formation of ice, so the ice does not damage the organism’s cells.