B16 Homeostasis Flashcards
What does the term homeostasis mean?
Regu;ation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions
Name three factors that are contolled by the endocrine system
Blood glucose concentration
Body temperature
Water levels
Name the type of organ found in the endocrine system
Glands
Name the chemical released from endocrine glands
Hormones
What is the role of a coordinator?
Recieve and process information from receptors
What is the role of a coordinator?
Recieve and process information from receptors
Why is it important that homeostasis works?
Maintains optimum conditions for enzymes and all cell functions
What is the role of an effector?
Muscles or glands that bring about responses which restore optimium conditions
How do hormones travel through the body?
Bloodstream
Name the endocrine gland labelled A
Pituitary gland
Name the endocrine gland labelled B
Thyroid gland
Name the endocrine gland labelled C
Adrenal gland
Name the endocrine gland labelled D
Pancreas
Name the endocrine gland labelled E
Ovaries
Name the endocrine gland labelled F
Testes
Give two differences between the endocrine system and nervous system
Endocrine system is slower
Endocrine system effects last for longer
What is a target organ?
Target organ produces an effect when the hormone attaches to the cells.
Name the master gland of the endocrine system
Pituitary gland
Name the organ that monitors and controls the blood glucose concentration
Pancreas
When does the pancreas release insulin?
When the blood glucose concentration is too high
What effect does insulin have on the body?
Reduces the blood glucose concentration
Name the target organs for insulin
Liver and muscles
What effect does insulin have on the liver and muscles?
Remove excess glucose from the blood
Excess glucose is stored as glycogen
How is type I diabetes treated?
Insulin
What causes type I diabetes?
Pancreas fails to release sufficient insulin
What is a symptom of type I diabetes?
Uncontrolled high blood glucose concentration
How is type 2 diabetes treated?
Carbohydrate controlled diet
Increase in exercise
What causes type 2 diabetes?
Liver and muscles do not respond to insulin
Name the hormone released when blood glucose concentration is too low.(HT)
Glucagon
Name the gland that produces glucagon (HT)
Pancreas
What effect does glucagon have on the muscles and liver (HT)
Glycogen is converted into glucose
Glucose is released into the blood
Name the organ that releases thyroxine (HT)
Thyroid gland
What does thyroxine control in the body? (HT)
Controls the body’s metabolic rate, growth and development
How is the release of thyroxine controlled by negative feedback? (HT)
Levels of thyroxine fall - detected by receptors in the brain
Pituitary gland release thyroxine stimulating hormone (TSH)
More thyroxine release by thyroid gland
Blood thyroxine returns to normal level
Name the gland that releases adrenaline (HT)
Adrenal glands
What effect does adrenalin have on the body? (HT)
Released when stressed
Increase in heart and breathing rate
Stored glycogen converted to glucose
Dilation of pupils
Increased metal awareness
Blood diverted from digestive system to muscles
