B1.4 Adaptation

Question 1

Give the adaptations of a camel which lives in a hot environment (3)

Answer 1

• Fat in their hump for food = can eat and store energy for when food is low
• Large surface area on feet reduces pressure so it won’t sink
• Eyelashes are protection from sand storms

Question 2

Give the adaptations of a polar bear which lives in a cold environment (3)

Answer 2

• White fur = warmth and camouflage
• Blubber = survive when food is low
• Small ears = reduces surface area for less heat loss

Question 3

Give the adaptations of a cactus which lives in a dry environment (4)

Answer 3

• Spikes = reduces water loss and protection
• Wide reaching roots = can get water
• Green = more photosynthesis
• Flowers at night = pollination as insects go out when it is cooler

Question 4

What does specialists mean?

Answer 4

Special, suited for only one environment

Question 5

What does generalists mean?

Answer 5

Are suited for many environments

Question 6

What does intraspecific competition mean?

Answer 6

Animals of the same species compete for space food etc

Question 7

What does interspecific competition mean?

Answer 7

Animals of different species compete for food water etc

Question 8

What does niche mean?

Answer 8

Things that animals do to survive for example eating different foods

Question 9

Why do plants compete for light and give an example of one that does?

Answer 9

Light is essential for photosynthesis without it glucose isn’t produced therefore respiration can’t take place
The strangler fig (grows around a tree)

Question 10

Why do plants compete for space give an example?

Answer 10

Plants need space to grow so they can have large leaves for photosynthesis
Weeds grow quickly so they can survive

Question 11

Why do plants compete for water?

Answer 11

Water is needed to keep a plant alive

Plants need to have different root formations to get water

Question 12

Why do plants compete for nutrients give an example?

Answer 12

Nutrients help plants get the right chemicals to grow

A venus fly trap is adapted to get nutrients by eating flies

Question 13

What do animals compete for? (4)

Answer 13

• Food
• Water
• Space
• A mate

Question 14

What is the predator cycle? (9)

Answer 14

1) Few prey, few predators
2) Prey numbers rise
3) Many prey, few predators
4) Predator numbers rise
5) Many prey, many predators
6) Prey numbers fall
7) Few prey, many predators
8) Predator numbers fall
9) back to beginning

Question 15

If there is a black spot fungus what does that mean?

Answer 15

The air is not pollutes as sulphur dioxide damages the plant

Question 16

If the blood worm is present what does that mean?

Answer 16

The water is polluted as it can live in low levels of oxygen

Question 17

If fresh water shrimp are present what does that mean?

Answer 17

There is no pollution

Question 18

If the lichen is present what does that mean?
Crusty lichen
Leafy lichen
Green lichen

Answer 18

Crusty lichen = polluted
Leafy lichen = small pollution
Green lichen = No pollution

Question 19

What are the causes of the decreasing bee population? (4)

Answer 19

• Disease
• Global warming not enough nutrients flowering at different times
• Pesticides nectar from infected plants causes death
• pollution from cars causes death