B1.3 Drugs

Question 1

Describe the process of making drugs

Answer 1

1) Researches make lots of new drugs for a particular disease
2) New drugs are tested in a lab test for toxic and do the job
3) Rest of drugs tested on animals for side effects
4) Tested on healthy humans for side effects
5) Tested on human patients see if effective
6) Drugs which are effective are given a licence

Question 2

What is thalidomide?

Answer 2

• 1950s-1960s
• Sleeping drug
• Help pregnant women with morning sickness

Question 3

What are the issues with thalidomide and what is it used for now?

Answer 3

• Causes deformities in unborn children

- Treats leprosy and bone cancer

Question 4

What are statins?

Answer 4

• Lowers cholesterol

- Reduces amount of lol in the blood

Question 5

What are the issues with statins and what facts about it is there?

Answer 5

• Costs the NHS over a billion pounds
• Can develop kidney condition (rhabdomyolysis)
• While taking statins you can’t eat grapefruit as they produce an enzyme which stops the liver from breaking down statins properly

Question 6

What is alcohol?

Answer 6

• A legal drug
• Depressant
• Slows the nervous system down makes people more relaxed

Question 7

What are the issues of alcohol and some facts about it?

Answer 7

• Affects the nervous system
• 18+ buy alcohol
• In some states in America you have to be 21

Question 8

What are natural medicines?

Answer 8

• Drugs that cause change to the body
• Some help the body others harm it
• Existed for a long time
• Can be extracted from natural sources

Question 9

What are the issues of natural medicines and some facts about it?

Answer 9

• Can irritate the stomach
• Wastes money if you use homeopathy
• St johns wart is so powerful it can affect like a conventional drug
• Cod liver oil is used for joint diseases

Question 10

What are drug companies?

Answer 10

• Massive corporations which research and develop drugs

- Make billions of pounds every year

Question 11

What are the issues on drug companies and some facts about it?

Answer 11

-Testing and trialling drugs is expensive

• Drugs are expensive to buy
• People want drugs to be cheaper so people in Africa can buy them to stop getting aids

Question 12

What do medicines need to be? (5)

Answer 12

• Effective
• Safe
• Able to be used under normal conditions
• Able to be stored
• Successfully be able o be removed from the body

Question 13

What is a drug?

Answer 13

A chemical that alters the body

Question 14

Name some legal recreational and medical drugs

Answer 14

Recreational

• Caffeine
• Nicotine

Medical

• Paracetamol
• Morphine

Question 15

Name some illegal recreational and medical drugs

Answer 15

Recreational

• Amphetamines
• LSD

Medical

• Cannabis
• Steroids

Question 16

What are the symptoms of addiction to drugs? (6)

Answer 16

• Cravings
• Aching
• Sweating
• Headaches
• Shaking
• When stopped taking them can become unwell

Question 17

Name two drug types and what they do

Answer 17

Stimulant
- speeds up body responses

Depressant

• relaxed and lethargic
• slows down activity of organs
• slows nerve impulses down
• alcohol, heroin and cannabis

Question 18

Where do drugs act?

Answer 18

All over the body

Question 19

Where do most recreational drugs effect?

Answer 19

The brain and the nervous system

Question 20

Where do drugs come from?

Give an example

Answer 20

Leaves, seeds, plants and fungi
Opium = poppies
Cocaine = coca plant

Question 21

What do hallucinogens do? (3)

Answer 21

• Cause dizziness, relaxation and loss of coordination
• Stimulates blood pressure
• It is a stimulant

Question 22

What is nicotine?

Answer 22

An addictive drug in tobacco smoke

Question 23

What is tar?

Answer 23

Sticky black chemical that builds up and damages the alveoli

Question 24

What is a carcinogen?

Answer 24

A chemical that cause cancer

Question 25

What is emphysema?

Answer 25

A disease which is caused by damage to the alveoli and stops oxygen getting into your blood

Question 26

What is lung cancer?

Answer 26

An uncontrolled dividing of cells to form a tumour

Question 27

When is carbon monoxide produced?

Answer 27

When a cigarette is lit due to incomplete combustion

Question 28

Why is carbon monoxide dangerous?

Answer 28

It attaches itself to haemoglobin which means that oxygen can’t attach itself to it and so intake of oxygen can’t happen
For an unborn baby it can cause brain damage and miscarriage due to lack of oxygen

Question 29

What is addiction?

Why does this happen?

Answer 29

When you become physically or mentally dependent on a drug
The drug has changed the chemical processes in your body and mind this can cause withdrawal symptoms when the drug is stopped being taken

Question 30

What are the consequences on society due to drugs? (10)

Answer 30

• Anti-social behaviour
• Memory loss (forget to feed the children)
• Damaging relationships
• Violence
• Cost (NHS)
• Emergency services
• Vandalism, crime
• Unemployment
• Accidents (longer treatment time)
• Bad reputation for area