B1.3: Respiration Flashcards
Is cellular respiration exothermic or endothermic?
Exothermic
When does cellular respirationn occur?
Continuously in living cells, supplying ATP in all living cells
Why do organisms need energy?
- to drive chemical reactions in an organism
- movement
- cell division
- homeostasis
When does aerobic respiration take place
All the time
Where does aerobic respiration take place
Mitochondria
Why do different cells have different numbers of mitochondria?
Muscle and liver cells have more because they need more energy
What does aerobic respiration use?
Oxygen
What is the word equation of aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water
What is the balanced symbol equation of aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O
What happens in anaerobic respiration?
Orgnisms and tissues resppiring without oxygen
Faster but less efficient than aerobic respiration
Where does anaerobic respiration take place?
Cytoplasm
When does anaerobic respiration occur?
During vigorous excercise: not enough oxygen intake
What is the word equation of anaerobic respiration?
Glucose —> lactic acid
What is the balanced symbol equation of anaerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 —> 2C3H6O3
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast called?
Fermentation
Why is fermentation important?
Making bread
Making alcohol
What is the word equation of fermentation?
Glucose —> carbon dioxide + ethanol
What is the balanced symbol equation of fermentation?
C6H12O6 —> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
What is the use of carbohydrates?
Provide energy to move and stay alive
What is the use of proteins?
Growth and repair of body tissue
What is the use of lipids?
Good store of energy
What is metabolic rate?
The rate at which the body uses energy
Starch is a polymer formed from what monomers?
Glucose monomers, found in plants as energy store
Glycogen is a polymer, of what monomers?
Glucose, found in animals as an energy reserve
What are the monomers of protein?
Amino acids
Which enzyme breaks down proteins?
Protease
What are lipids?
Fats and oils
What are the monomers of lipids?
3 fatty acid molecules
1 glycerol molecules
Which enzyme breaks down lipids?
Lipase
What is the independant variable?
The variable that is altered
What is the dependant variable?
The variable that is measure
The variable that is measured
What is the control variable?
The variable kept the same
