B1.3 Respiration Flashcards
Carbohydrates are organic molecules that all containโฆ
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Monosaccharides areโฆ
The individual molecules (monomers) that build carbohydrates e.g:
- glucose
- fructose
- galactose
Disaccharides can be formed fromโฆ
Two monosaccharides e.g:
- glucose + fructose = sucrose
- galactose + glucose = lactose
- glucose + glucose = maltose
Carbohydrates are normally stored asโฆ
Polysaccharides e.g. starch, glycogen and cellulose.
Proteins are organic molecules that all containโฆ
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen.
Proteins are made fromโฆ
About 20 amino acid monomers.
Amino acids are linked together byโฆ
Peptide bonds to form polypeptides which form proteins
Protease isโฆ
The enzyme that breakdown proteins into amino acids.
State the difference between anabolism and catabolism.
- Anabolism = biosynthsis, the building up of larger molecules from small molecules
- Catabolism = biodegregation, the breaking down of large molecules into smaller molecules
State the three enzymes that breakdown the disaccharides maltose, sucrose and lactose.
- Maltase = maltose = glucose + glucose
- Sucrase = sucrose = glucose + fructose
- Lactase = lactose = galactose + glucose
What does the enzyme amylase catalyse?
The breakdown of the polysaccaride starch into the disaccharide maltose.
Lipids are energy dense organic molecules that all containโฆ
carbon, oxygen and hydrogen
Lipids are made fromโฆ
One glycerol molecule and three fatty acids molecules.
The enzymeโฆ breaksdown lipids into fatty acids and gylcerol.
Lipase
What is cellular respiration and what does it do?
- A continually occurring and universal process
- Provides this energy in all living things.
- Exothermic reaction