B1.2.2 - Control in the human body Flashcards
How are hormones transported?
They’re secreted by glands and are usually transported to their target organs through the bloodstream
Why do blood sugar levels have to be controlled inside the body?
To supply cells with a constant supply of energy
What are hormones?
Chemicals
What do hormones do?
They regulate the functions of many organs and cells
What’s an example of something that a hormone regulates?
The monthly release of an egg from a woman’s ovaries & the changes in thickness of her womb lining are controlled by hormones secreted by the pituitary gland + ovaries.
What is follicle stimulating hormone secreted by?
The pituitary gland
What does follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) do?
- Causes eggs to mature in ovaries
- Stimulates ovaries to produce hormones eg. oestrogen
What does lutenising hormone (LH) do?
Stimulates release of eggs from the ovaries
What is oestrogen secreted by?
Ovaries
What does oestrogen prohibit?
Further production of FSH
Can hormones control fertility?
Yes
Why is temperature controlled inside your body?
Because it maintains the temperature so enzymes work best
What happens to the water content in your body?
- Water leaves the body via the lungs when we breathe out and via the skin when we sweat to cool us down
- Excess water is lost via the kidneys in the urine
How is water content in the body controlled?
Water leaves the body via the lungs when we breathe out and via the skin when we swear to cool us down
Excess water is lost via the kidneys in urine
How is ion content in the body controlled?
Ions are lost via the sky when we sweat and via the kidney in urine
What are hormones secreted by?
Glands
What hormones can oral contraceptives contain?
Hormones to inhibit FSH production so no eggs mature
What did the first birth control pills contain?
Large amounts of oestrogen which resulted in bad side effects for women
What do birth control pills contain now?
lower levels of oestrogen or just progesterone
What can you give to a woman whose level of FSH is too low to stimulate eggs to mature?
FSH and LH in a fertility drug
What is IVF (name definition)
In Vitro Fertilisation
What does IVF involve?
Giving a mother FSH and LH to stimulate maturation of several eggs
- Eggs collected from mother and fertilised by sperm of father
- Eggs develop into embryos
- Eggs inserted into womb
