B1.2

Question 1

Drugs Therapy of Hyperlipidaemia

Answer 1

1. Statins
2. Bile-Acid Sequestrants
3. Niacin (Nicotinic Acid)
4. Fibric Acid Derivatives
5. Ezetimibe and the Inhibition of Dietary Cholesterol

Question 2

How do statins work

Answer 2

Competitively Inhibit HMG-coA reductase
Inhibit hepatic cholesterol synthesis = increased LDL receptor gene
Decrease free cholesterol -> membrane-bound SREBPs to be cleaved and translocate to nucleus & bind sterol
responsive element of the LDL receptor. = enhanced transcription and increased synthesis of LDL receptors
It also reduces the degradation of LDL receptors

Question 3

Effects of statins on triglycerides & lipoprotein

Answer 3

Decrease triglycerides
Increase HDL
Decrease LDL

Non-lipid lowering effects
Endothelial function: enhances NO production
Anti inflammatory
Reduce thromboembolic events

Question 4

side effects of Statins

Answer 4

Hepatotoxicity (elevated hepatic transaminase values)

& Myopathy