B11 Hormonal Coordination

Question 1

What happens during puberty

Answer 1

During puberty reproductive hormones cause secondary sex

characteristics to develop.

Question 2

Hormones involved in the menstrual cycle of a woman

Answer 2

• Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) causes maturation of an egg in the ovary
• Luteinising hormone stimulates the release of an egg
• Oestrogen involved in maintaining the lining of the uterus

Question 3

The main 4 hormones of the menstrual cycle and how they interact

Answer 3

• Follicle stimulating hormone causes egg to mature and stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen
• Oestrogen causes lining of uterus to grow And stimulates the release of LH and inhibits FSH
• LH stimukates release of an egg
• Progesterone maintains lining of uterus and inhibits release of LH and FSH

Question 4

What is the main hromone for males during puberty and what does it do?

Answer 4

Testosterone is the main male reproductive hormone produced by the testes and it stimulates sperm production

Question 5

Different types of contraception

Answer 5

• oral contraceptives that contain hormones to inhibit FSH production so that no eggs mature
• injection, implant or skin patch of slow release progesterone to inhibit the maturation and release of eggs for a number of months or years
• barrier methods such as condoms and diaphragms which prevent the
  sperm reaching an egg
• intrauterine devices which prevent the implantation of an embryo or release a hormone
• spermicidal agents which kill or disable sperm
• abstaining from intercourse when an egg may be in the oviduct
• surgical methods of male and female sterilisation.

Question 6

How does IVF treatment work?

Answer 6

Give mother FSH and LH to stimulate maturation of several eggs

• Eggs collected from mother and fertilised by fathers sperm in lab
• Fertilised eggs develop into embryos
• 1 or 2 embryos can be inserted into mothers womb

Question 7

Pros and cons of IVF

Answer 7

Pros - Gives couple chance to have a baby of their own
Cons - emotionally and physically stressful
- success rates not high
- Could lead to multiple births which poses a risk to mother and children

Question 8

What is adrenaline?

Answer 8

Produced by adrenal glands in times of fear or stress

• increases heart rate
• boosts delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain and muscles preparing the body for fight or flight

Question 9

What is thyroxine?

Answer 9

• From thyroid gland
• stimulates basic metabolic rate
• plays an important tole in growth and development
• controlled by NEGATIVE FEEDBACK

Question 10

What is phototropism?

Answer 10

Controls growth and responses to light

Question 11

What is gravitropism?

Answer 11

Plant produce hormones to control growth and responses to gravity

Question 12

What are Gibberellins ?

Answer 12

Plant hormone important in initiating seed germination

Uses :

• end seed dormancy
• promote flowering
• increase fruit size

Question 13

What are auxins?

Answer 13

Plant hormones used for controlling plant growth

Uses :

• as weed killers
• as root powders
• for promoting growth in tissue culture

Question 14

What does ethene doin the food industry?

Answer 14

Plant hormone that controls cell division in ripening fruits

Uses :
-Controls the ripening of fruit during storage and transport