B11 Gas exchange in humans

Question 1

What are the parts of the breathing system?

Answer 1

Lungs
Diaphragm
Ribs
Intercostal muscles
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Associated capillaries

Question 2

What are the features of gas exchange surfaces in humans?

Answer 2

Large surface area
Thin surface
Good blood supply
Good ventilation with air

Question 3

Describe the differences between inspired and expired air in terms of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor content.

Answer 3

Inspired Air: High in oxygen, low in carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Expired Air: Lower in oxygen, higher in carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Question 4

How does physical activity affect the rate and depth of breathing?

Answer 4

Increased rate and depth of breathing during physical activity.

Question 5

Explain the relationship between physical activity and breathing, focusing on the role of increased carbon dioxide concentration in the blood in triggering higher breathing rates and depths.

Answer 5

Increased carbon dioxide concentration in the blood detected by the brain triggers increased rate and depth of breathing.