B1.1 Flashcards
What happens to a person who doesn’t eat a balanced diet?
Become malnourished
What is one of the possible affects of being malnourished?
- being very overweight
- deficiency disease caused by too little of a nutrient
- conditions such as type 2 diabetes
What is metabolic rate?
The rate at which all the chemical reactions are carried out in the body
Name a factor that can affect someone’s metabolic rate.
- how much muscle you have
- how much exercise you do
- some inherited factors (factors in you genes)
Why does a man usually have a higher metabolic rate than a woman who is the same mass?
Because muscle cells use lots more energy than other cells
What happens to the body if you have more energy expended in exercise than gained in food?
You lose body mass
Name a benefit of exercise and what that leads to.
Leads to better Wight control, making you have better health
What are microorganisms called that cause disease?
Pathogens
What does bacteria release?
Toxins (poisons)
What is different about viruses than bacteria?
Viruses take over the body cell’s DNA, causing the cells to make toxins or causing damage.
What did Ignaz Semmelweis wonder which started his investigation into bacteria?
He wondered why many women died after childbirth
What did Ignaz Semmelweis insist some doctors to do to prove his point?
He made doctors wash their hands before examine a patient because he believed the doctors might transfer infection between patients.
What is unique about the antibodies produced by a white blood cell?
They are specific for one particular kind of pathogen.
What does immunisation mean?
To make someone immune to a disease.
What does a vaccine contain?
A small amount of a dead or inactive form of a pathogen.