B10 Flashcards
Name some nutritional disorders in beef cattle:
- Washy pastures
- Nutritional deficiencies
- Urea toxicosis
- Nitrate/Nitrite toxicity
- Heat stress
- Urinary calculi
- Sand impaction
- Bloat
- Acidosis
- Hardware disease
What is washy pastures?
Happens during early spring. Grasses is high in moisture and protein, causing diarrhoea.
How to prevent washy pastures?
Giving hay or straw with a high fibre content
Name some common nutrition deficiencies:
Vitamin A
Magnesium
Vitamin E and selenium
Vitamin D and calcium
Thiamine, Vitamin B1
Copper
Explain Vitamin A deficiency:
Rarely happens when on pasture (Gras contain high vitamin A)
Occur during winter, can be supplemented with carrots
Effects of Vitamin a deficiency:
DOD in calves
Reproduction issues in both cow and bull
Hyperkeratinisation of the skin
Explain Magnesium deficiency:
Causes grass tetany, gas in rumen
Often seen in lactating cattle on the pasture, the Mg levels of the blood decreases
How to prevent Magnesium deficiency?
- If the grass is high in Ca=lower Mg uptake
- If the grass is fertilised with K or N=lower Mg uptake
Clinical signs of magnesium deficiency:
hyperexcitability, muscle twitching, staggers, stiff gait, muscle spasms, collapse, death
What is Vitamin E and Selenium deficiency?
Causing white muscle disease
It is a muscular dystrophy in calves causing a decreased immune response in older cows.
There are two forms
Name the two forms of Vitamin E and Selenium deficiency, and what they are:
- Cardiac form = Rapid onset and sudden death
- Skeletal form= Slower onset, difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) because of muscles of the tongue
What is Vitamin D and calcium deficiency?
Causing rickets = softening of the bone
Very rare
What is Vitamin B1 and thiamine deficiency?
Causing CCN = Cerebrocortical necrosis
Happens in intensive fattening period, because there is a higher demand of thiamine due to the higher carbohydrate metabolism
How to prevent thiamine deficiency=?
Feed molasses and corn gluten, which are high in protein = decreases the utilisation of thiamine
What is copper deficiency?
Causes loss of the coat coloration
