A16

Question 1

How many stages is lactation divided into?

Answer 1

3

Question 2

What is the BCS at calving?

Answer 2

3.5

Question 3

At which day is the 1st stage of lactation and what is it?

Answer 3

Day 0-70
Early lactation

The BW and BCS will decrease, the body stores are mobilised for the milk production

Milk production peak

Question 4

At which day is the 2nd stage of lactation and what is it?

Answer 4

7day 70-140

The milk production starts to slowly decrease to moderate milk production. BW and BCS begins to recover

Question 5

At which day is the 3rd stage of lactation and what is it?

Answer 5

Day 140-305

Declining milk production

Question 6

At stage 3 of lactation, what rate does the milk production decrease?

Answer 6

8-10%

Question 7

Stage 1:
Milk production in the first 3 days?

Answer 7

22L

Question 8

Stage 1:
What is the energy balance?

Answer 8

6-8-7.2 NEl MJ/kg DM

NEl = net energy of lactation
MJ = Mega Joule
DM = Dry Matter

Question 9

Stage 1:
How much BW is lost daily?

Answer 9

0.8-1 kg/Day until 40kg is lost

Question 10

Stage 1:
What is the prerequisites of a successful re-insemination?

Answer 10

Preventing BW loss, dominance of gonadotropic hormone and insulin

Question 11

Stage 1:
Forage:Concentrate ratio

Answer 11

40:60

Question 12

Stage 1:
CF intake

Answer 12

min 15-17%

If lower = acidosis

Question 13

Stage 1:
Type of feed used:

Answer 13

50-250g starch and soluble sugar
30-225 g RDS and soluble sugar
5-60 g bypass starch

Question 14

Stage 2:
What is the energy balance?

Answer 14

6.2-6.4 NEl MJ/kg DM

NEl = net energy of lactation
MJ = Mega Joule
DM = Dry Matter

Question 15

Stage 2:
How much BW is lost daily?

Answer 15

The BW increases slowly in stage 2, from day 140 it increases more rapidly

Question 16

Stage 2:
Forage:Concentrate ratio

Answer 16

50:50

Question 17

Stage 2:
How much of supplement protected methionin is given?

Answer 17

18-20g/Day

Question 18

Stage 2:
Type of feed used:

Answer 18

50-200g starch and soluble sugar
10-200 g RDS and soluble sugar
5-40 g bypass starch

Question 19

At what stage of lactation is the optimal BCS reached again?

Answer 19

2nd stage

Question 20

Stage 2:
What is done to reach the optimal BCS?

Answer 20

Maximise the DMI = dry matter intake
Maintain peak lactation
Prevent body weight loss by fat supplementation

Question 21

Stage 2:
How much fat is supplemented in feed?

Answer 21

6%

Question 22

Stage 3:
What is the energy balance?

Answer 22

5.8-6 NEl MJ/kg DM

NEl = net energy of lactation
MJ = Mega Joule
DM = Dry Matter

Question 23

Stage 3:
How much BW is lost daily?

Answer 23

The BW increases, the BCS is improved

Question 24

Stage 3:
Forage:Concentrate ratio

Answer 24

60:40

Question 25

when do we measure the BCS?

Answer 25

1. After calving
2. In the first 100 days of lactation
3. After 200 days of lactation
4. At drying off
5. During drying off