A14

Question 1

Weight of dairy calves

Answer 1

40-50 kg

Question 2

Which stomach is the most important in newborn calves?

Answer 2

Abomasum. The milk does not need to be fermented, so it will go directly to the abomasum through a canal.

Question 3

How many types of rearing is there, and what are they?

Answer 3

2

1. Traditional = beef calves
2. Liquid/Artificial = dairy cows

Question 4

How early and how much should the calf get colostrum?

Answer 4

Within 2 hours of life, the calf should consume 4L of colostrum

Question 5

How much colostrum within the first 2 days?

Answer 5

They should consume 8-10L/Day, divided into 4 feeds

Question 6

How much colostrum should be consumed for the 1st week?

Answer 6

35 liters

Question 7

A disadvantage of a traditional rearing method:

Answer 7

Waste of milk that could be sold, unbalanced nutrition balance for the calves

Question 8

Advantage of artificial rearing method:

Answer 8

Better milk produciton by the cow
Early weaning of calves

Question 9

Difference between colostrum and “normal milk”

Answer 9

Normal milk: richer in lactose

Colostrum: Richer in Fat, 4xmore protein, 4xmore magnesium, vitamins.
Colostrum contains immunoglobulin, providing immunity.

Question 10

What is the tube/canal going directly to the abomasum called?

Answer 10

Oesophageal groove reflex

WRONG

ITS AN REFKEX WHERE THE ANIMAL JS EAGER FOR MILK

Question 11

Optimal temperature of milk replacer:

Answer 11

body temperature.

Question 12

What happens if the milk replacer is not optimal temperature?

Answer 12

The milk replacer reaches the rumen instead, causing chronic tympany = gas accumulation

Question 13

How long until the rumen is larger than abomasum?

Answer 13

At 4 weeks the rumen is larger, but is not fully developed until approx 12 weeks

Question 14

What does the milk replacer contain?

Answer 14

skim milk powder
whey
soy protein
fat

Question 15

How much milk would you give a calf that is 10-21 days old?

Answer 15

6L/day 2-3 times/day

Question 16

How much milk would you give a calf that is 122-56 days old?

Answer 16

6L/Day
2xday

Question 17

How much milk would you give a calf that is 57-70 days old?

Answer 17

7-5L/Day

Slowly decreasing

Question 18

How much would you give in the last week?

Answer 18

3L/Day

2xDay

Question 19

At what age would you introduce pellets and hay?

Answer 19

Week 2

Question 20

What type of feed would you start on calf?

Answer 20

Calf-starter pellets and high quality hay

Question 21

How much CP in calf starter?

Answer 21

18-19% CP

Question 22

CP and CF of hay to calf

Answer 22

CP high
CF low (20%)

Question 23

Water requirements of a 1month old calf

Answer 23

8-10L/Day

Question 24

Water requirements of a 2month old calf

Answer 24

10-15 L/day

Question 25

When is the calf weaned?

Answer 25

at day 60-90

Question 26

Kg of weaning calf:

Answer 26

80-110 kg

Question 27

We measure the feed calf eat, how much should it be eating before we can start weaning?

Answer 27

1.5kg/day dry feed

0.8 kg should be concentrates

Question 28

How long after weaning do we change feed and to what?

Answer 28

1 week post-weaning

Start to give grower diet

Question 29

What is the CP of the grower diet in calves?

Answer 29

CP=16-17%

Question 30

Concentrate and forage intake of 1month old calf

Answer 30

0.15-02 kg concentrate
0.1-0.15 kg forage

Question 31

Concentrate and forage intake of 2month old calf

Answer 31

0.6-0.8 kg concentrate
0.3-0.4 kg forage

Question 32

Concentrate and forage intake of 3month old calf

Answer 32

1.5-1.8 kg concentrate
0.8-1 kg forage

Question 33

How old is the calf post-weaning and how much feed would you give?

Answer 33

5-6 months old

2-2.5 kg concentrate + roughage

Question 34

What is the goal of body weight gain daily?

Answer 34

800 gr/Day

Question 35

BW of post weaned calf:

Answer 35

180-200 kg