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Biology > B1 - Understanding Organisms > Flashcards

B1 - Understanding Organisms Flashcards

0
Q

Example of a depressant

A

Alcohol, temazepam

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1
Q

What effect does a depressant have?

A

Slows down working of the brain

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2
Q

Effect of hallucinogens

A

Distort what a person sees or hears

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3
Q

Example of hallucinogen

A

LSD

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4
Q

Effect of painkillers

A

Stop nerve impulses so no pain is felt

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5
Q

Example of painkillers

A

Aspirin, parecetamol

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6
Q

Effect of performance enhances

A

Develop muscles

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7
Q

Example of performance enhancers

A

Anabolic steroids

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8
Q

Effect of stimulant

A

Speed up working of the brain

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9
Q

Example of stimulant

A

Nicotine, ecstasy and caffeine

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10
Q

What does the term addicted mean?

A

Very hard to give it up

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11
Q

What does tolerance mean

A

When someone’s been taking a drug for a long time they need a higher dose to get the same effect

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12
Q

What does the term withdrawal symptom mean

A

When there are effects when trying to give up an addictive substance such as being bad tempered

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13
Q

What effect does tar have on the body

A

Irritates and causes cancer

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14
Q

What effect does carbon monoxide have on the body

A

Stops red blood cells getting oxygen and increases risk of heart disease

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15
Q

What effect does nicotine have on the body

A

It’s addictive so makes you want to keep smoking them

16
Q

What is the effect of particulates

A

Collect in lungs blocking them

17
Q

What is a unit of alcohol

A

The amount of pure alcohol in a drink. 1 unit is equal to 10ml of pure alcohol

18
Q

What gets damaged by cigarette smoke and what effect does it have

A

Cillia get damaged and they can’t waft mucus and dust back up to be swallowed

19
Q

What does damage Cillia cause goblet cells to do

A

Produce more mucus

20
Q

Where are cilia found

A

Lining the trachea, bronchioles, and bronchi

21
Q

What is alcohol broken down into?

A

Acetaldehyde and acetic acid then carbon dioxide and water

22
Q

Where is alcohol broken down

A

The liver

23
Q

What in the liver breaks down Alcohol

A

Enzymes

24
Q

What causes scar tissue

A

Alcohol and it’s toxic breakdowns

25
Q

What does alcohol cirrhosis cause

A

Liver damage that can lead to liver failure and death

26
Q

Define homeostasis

A

Keeping a constant internal environment by balancing body inputs and outputs

27
Q

How can heat be lost from the body

A

Sweating and more blood flow near surface of the skin.

28
Q

How can heat be gained or retained by the body

A

Decreased blood flow on surface of the skin, reduced sweating, shivering, exercising, release of energy from food and put on more clothes

29
Q

Dangers of too high a body temperature

A

Heat stroke or dehydration

Biology (5 decks)

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