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B1 > B1- The Nervous System > Flashcards

B1- The Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main job of the nervous system

A

React to surroundings and coordinate behaviour

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2
Q

What are the two nervous systems and what do they contain

A

Central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. They contain receptors and neurones

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3
Q

What part of the nervous system detects changes in surroundings

A

Receptors

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4
Q

What are the bodies nerve endings and what do they detect

A

Light receptors in the eyes
Sounds receptors and balance receptors in the ears
Taste receptors on the tongue
Smell receptors in the nose
Touch,pressure and pain receptors in the skin.

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5
Q

What are neurones

A

Specially adapted cells that can carry a nerve impulse

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6
Q

What is a nerve impulse

A

Electrical messages that are carried along the axon

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7
Q

What are the three neurones

A

Sensory
Relay
Motor

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8
Q

What does the sensory neurone do

A

Carry nerve impulse from the receptors to your brain

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9
Q

What does the relay neurone do

A

Make connections been neurones in your brain and spinal cord

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10
Q

What does the motor neurones do

A

Carry nerve impulses from your brain to your muscles and glands

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11
Q

What are 3 properties of neurones and what are they for

A

Long shape of I make connections between parts of the body
Insulating sheath to speed up the nerve impulse
Dendrites or branched endings to allow a single neurone to act on many muscle fibres

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12
Q

What is a synapse

A

A small gap between neurones

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13
Q

How do synapses work

A

A transmitter substance diffuses the neurone across the synapse and then the transmitte binds with a receptor on the next neurone, causing the electrical impulse to be initiated in to that neurone

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14
Q

What are voluntary actions

A

Conscious decisions you make in response to a stimulus

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15
Q

What is the main job of the nervous system

A

React to surroundings and coordinate behaviour

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16
Q

What are the two nervous systems and what do they contain

A

Central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. They contain receptors and neurones

17
Q

What part of the nervous system detects changes in surroundings

A

Receptors

18
Q

What are the bodies nerve endings and what do they detect

A

Light receptors in the eyes
Sounds receptors and balance receptors in the ears
Taste receptors on the tongue
Smell receptors in the nose
Touch,pressure and pain receptors in the skin.

19
Q

What are neurones

A

Specially adapted cells that can carry a nerve impulse

20
Q

What is a nerve impulse

A

Electrical messages that are carried along the axon

21
Q

What are the three neurones

A

Sensory
Relay
Motor

22
Q

What does the sensory neurone do

A

Carry nerve impulse from the receptors to your brain

23
Q

What does the relay neurone do

A

Make connections been neurones in your brain and spinal cord

24
Q

What does the motor neurones do

A

Carry nerve impulses from your brain to your muscles and glands

25
Q

What are 3 properties of neurones and what are they for

A

Long shape of I make connections between parts of the body
Insulating sheath to speed up the nerve impulse
Dendrites or branched endings to allow a single neurone to act on many muscle fibres

26
Q

What is a synapse

A

A small gap between neurones

27
Q

How do synapses work

A

A transmitter substance diffuses the neurone across the synapse and then the transmitte binds with a receptor on the next neurone, causing the electrical impulse to be initiated in to that neurone

28
Q

What are voluntary actions

A

Conscious decisions you make in response to a stimulus

29
Q

What are reflex actions

A

Automatic responses to a stimulus to help protect your body from harm

30
Q

Give an example of a reflex action and a voluntary action

A

Voluntary- spitting out food you don’t like

Reflex- taking the your hand off something hot to prevent getting burned

31
Q

What are they iris,cornea,lens and optic nerve

A

The iris is the coloured bit of the eye and it controls how much light enters the eye. The cornea refracts the light and the lens focus uses light on to the retina so they Ray’s converge ( come together ) at a single point producing a clear image on your retina.the receptors on the retina cause nerve impulses to be sent to the brain

32
Q

Why a re common eye defects

A

Long and short sightedness

Red- green colour blindness

33
Q

What causes red green colour blindness

A

Specialised cells in the retina that detect red and green light are missing

34
Q

What causes long and short sightedness

A

The lens being the wrong shape so the light rays can’t be focuses on the retina accurately

35
Q

What ways can correct long or short sightedness and what lens is needed to correct each

A

Glasses, contact lenses or laser surgery.

Long sighted is corrected by. Convex lens, short sighted is corrected by a concave lens .

36
Q

How does laser eye surgery work

A

A flap is cut into the cornea folding it back and the laser reshape the cornea.this means the light can focus on the retina properly

B1 (8 decks)

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