B1(Cell Structure And Transport) Flashcards
What does the nucleus do
-Controls all the activities of the cell
-Contains genes on the chromosomes that carry the instructions for making proteins
What does the cytoplasm do
Where most of the chemical reactions for life take place
What does the cell membrane do
-Controls substances such as glucose and mineral ions into the cell
-Controls substances such as urea and hormones out of the cell
What does the mitochondria do
Where respiration takes place
What do ribosomes do
Protein synthesis
What does the cell wall do
Strengthens the plant cell
What does chloroplast do
Contain green substance called chlorophyll which absorbs light so the plant can make food by photosynthesis
What does the permanent vacuole do
Stores cell sap
What are Eukaryotic cells
They are cells which contain genetic material that is enclosed in a nucleus
What are prokaryotic cells
Cells which contain small rings of DNA called plasmids which are not enclosed in a nucleus
Examples of specialised animal cells
-Nerve cells
-Muscle cells
-Sperm cells
What are specialised cells
Cells that are adapted to do a specific function
Examples of specialised plant cells
-Root hair cells
-palisade cells
-Xylem cells
-Phloem cells
What are xylem cells
-dead cells that transport water and mineral ions from the roots to the shoots
-supports the cell
