B1 Flashcards
What is blood pressure measured in?
Mm of mercury (mmhg)
How can fitness be measured ?
Strength Speed Agility Flexibility Stamina
What does blood flow through?
Veins
Arteries
What causes high blood pressure?
Smoking
Being overweight
Drinking too much alcohol
Being under lots of stress
How can high blood pressure be decreased?
Exercise and eating a balanced diet
How is blood pumped around the body.
Its pumped around the body by Contractions of the heart muscles
How does smoking increase blood pressure
Contains nicotine which has a direct effect on the heart which causes the heart to beat faster
Carbon monoxide which decreases how much oxygen the blood can carry.this then increases heart rate .the heart contracts more often which increases blood pressure.
What causes cholesterol build up
Eating lots of saturated fats
Also restricts blood flow
What does a balanced diet contain
Carbohydrates provide energy
Fats provide energy
Proteins growth and repair of tissues
Vitamins e.g vitamin c to prevent scurvy
Minerals e.g iron which is to make haemoglobin on red blood cells
Water prevents dehydration
Fibre prevent constipation
What is systolic and diastolic pressure?
Systolic pressure-the blood pressure is at its highest when the heart contracts.
diastolic pressure-when the heart relaxes the pressure is at its lowest.
What does a balanced diet depend on and how is everyones different
Age
Gender
Physical activities
In case they vegetarian,religious reasons and medical reasons
What is an infectious and non infectious diseases
Infectious diseases is a disease that can be passed from one person to another e.g flu
Non infectious disease cant be passed on e.g genetic disorders
What are infectious diseases caused by
Micro organisms
Where do pathogens come from
Disease thats caused by microorganisms
What are the 4 main types of pathogens and give examples of each.
Fungi .athletes foot
Bacteria .cholera
Protozoa .single celled organisms)malaria
Viruses .flu
How do you calculate bmi
Mass kg
Height M2
What are carbohydrates made of
Simple sugars such as glucose .
What are proteins made of
Long chains of amino acids
How do you calculate the amount of protein intake needed
Ear (estimated average requirement)=0.6xbody mass (kg)
What is bulimia nervosa and what happens to people who suffer from this
They make them selves vomit or take laxatives after eating to get the food out they’re system before it gets digested.this can lead to large weight fluctuations sore throat poor skin conditon and hair loss
What can non infectious diseases be caused from
Poor diet e.g lack of vitamin c
Organ mlafunctuations e.g the pancreas can stop producing insulin.
Genetic inheritance e.g red green colour blindness
What is cancer caused by
Non infectious disease caused by mutations in living cells
How can you reduce the likelihood of cancer
Not to smoke because it causes lung cancer
Do not drink excess alcohol
Avoid getting sunburnt skin cells damaged by the sun can become cancerous
Eat a healthy diet a high fibre diet can reduce the risk of bowel cancer
What is malaria caused by
A disease caused by a protozoan which is a parasite
