B1

Question 1

what are the parts on a nerve cell

Answer 1

Nucleus
Cell body-dots
Dendrites-parts around the top
Axon-long bit
Myelin sheath for insulation-square things along the cell
Synapse-things at the end of the cell

Question 2

what is in a sperm cell

Answer 2

Acrisome-has digestive enzymes that breakdown outer layers of egg
middle section-mitochondria
big nucleus-DNA
Tail

Question 3

muscle cell

Answer 3

special proteins-slide past each other to contract and relax muscle

Mitochondria-transfer energy needed for the chemical reactions that take place as the cells contract and relax

Storing glycogen-a chemical that can be broken down by the mitochondria and used in cellular respiration

Question 4

root hair cell

Answer 4

-large vacuole -movement of water
-large Sa
-Mitochondria-energy for active transport

Question 5

Photosynthetic Cell

Answer 5

Chloroplast-chlorophyll traps light
Packed tightly
large permanent vacuole-helps keep cell rigid as the result of osmosis

Question 6

xylem cell

Answer 6

-Lignin Sprirals-help transport water and mineral ions + water pressure
-very strong

Question 7

Phloem cells

Answer 7

-sieve cells-broken down cells allow water carrying dissolved food to move freely up and down the tubes to where is needed

-Supported by companion cells to keep alive

-mitochondria of companion cells transfer the energy needed to move dissolved food up and down the plant in phloem

Question 8

Rates that effect diffusion

Answer 8

-temp
-concentration difference
-SA

Question 10

osmosis

Answer 10

water moving across a permiable membrane. High to low

Question 11

Osmosis- if the concentration of solute in the solution outside the cell is the same as the internal concentration the solution is what?

Answer 11

Isotonic

Question 12

osmosis-if the concentration of solute in the solution outside the cell is higher than the internal concentration the solution is what?

Answer 12

hypertonic

Question 13

osmosis- if the concentration of solute in the solution outside the cell is lower than the internal concentration, the solution is what?

Answer 13

Hypotonic

Question 14

osmosis in plants-Turgor

Answer 14

-water moves into the cell
-vacuole swells
-pressure buildup until no more water can physically enter the cell
-this pressure makes the cells hard and rigid which keeps their leaves and stems of the plant rigid and firm

Question 15

osmosis in plants-Flaccid

Answer 15

-flaccid (soft)
-isotonic
-no longer be firm and swollen
-no pressure on the cell walls so no longer supports the plant tissues

Question 16

osmosis in plants- Plasmolysis

Answer 16

-servere water loss=shrink
-evacuate and cytoplasm shrink
-this eventually causes the cell membrane to pull away from the cell wall