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Biology > B1 > Flashcards

B1 Flashcards

Cell structure and transport

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1
Q

What is smallest whole unit of any living organism?

A

A cell

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2
Q

How many organelles does an animal cell have?

A

-Cell membrane
-Ribosomes
-Nucleus
-Cytoplasm
-Mitochondria

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3
Q

How many organelles does an plant cell have?

A

-Cell membrane
-Ribosomes
-Nucleus
-Cytoplasm
-Mitochondria
-Cell wall
-Vacuole
-Chloroplast

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4
Q

How many Organelles does a bacteria cell have?

A

-Cell wall
-cell membrane
-pili
-slime capsule
-flagellum
-cytoplasm
-ribosomes
-DNA loop

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5
Q

What does the nucleus do?

A

Contains genetic instructions and also controls the cells movements

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6
Q

What do the Ribosomes do?

A

Where protein synthesis happens by linking amino acids

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7
Q

What do the Ribosomes do?

A

Where protein synthesis happens by linking amino acids

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8
Q

What do the mitochondria do?

A

Where aerobic and anaerobic respiration occurs converting oxygen to energy.

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9
Q

What is the purpose of cytoplasm?

A

To hold the organelles together and in place.

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10
Q

What does the cell membrane do?

A

Its selectively permeable to allow for diffusion and osmosis while preventing larger molecules from entering.

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11
Q

What do cell walls do?

A

They offer a degree of protection and gives the cell a stronger structure.

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12
Q

What do Chloroplast do?

A

Made of chlorophyll, uses CO2 and coverts it to energy via the process of Photosynthesis.

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13
Q

What does the vacuole do?

A

It is filled with locked up chemical energy (cell sap). It also provides an almost skeletal structure throughout the plant and provides stability.

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14
Q

What is a Flagellum?

A

A tail which the cell uses to move.

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15
Q

What is a slime capsule?

A

The slime protects from toxic chemicals.

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16
Q

What do the Pili do?

A

They are used to attach the cell to surfaces.

17
Q

When observing a cell through a microscope what formula is used to calculate the real size?

A

Use the I AM triangle:
I
A M
I=Image size
A= actual size
M= Magnification

18
Q

How to calculate the total magnification on a microscope?

A

Total= Eyepiece x objective lens

19
Q

How much magnification is there on a light microscope?

A

Eye piece= x10
Objective lens:
low= x4
medium= x10
high= x40

20
Q

Fill in the blanks

A
21
Q

What is Eukaryotic cell?

A

-has a nucleus
-bigger and more complex
-evolved later
-single or multicellular

22
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

-no nucleus
-smaller and simple
-Older
-single cell

23
Q

What is a Hypertonic solution?

A

Strong sugar solution
low water concentration

24
Q

What is a Hypotonic solution?

A

Weak sugar solution
high water concentration

25
Q

What is an Isotonic solution?

A

Equal parts sugar and water

26
Q

What does a Hypertonic solution do to a cell?

A

-Water moves out,
-cell gets smaller
-cell gets lighter
-Turns Turgid

27
Q

What does a Hypotonic solution do to a cell?

A

-Water moves in
-Cell gets bigger
-Cell gets heavier
-Bursts (lysis)

28
Q

What does a Isotonic solution do to a cell?

A

-Water moves in and out
-Cell stays the same size
-Cell stays the same weight

29
Q

Name 2 differences between light and electronic microscopes

A

-Electron uses electrons whereas light microscopes use light waves.
-Max mag on a light microscope is x400 whereas on an electron microscope is x2000

30
Q

How big is ____ in standard form:
-Millimeter
-micrometer
-Nanometer

A

-Millimeter= 1 x 10(-3)
-micrometer= 1 x 10 (-6)
-nanometer= 1 x 10 (-9)

31
Q

On a microscope what is meant by the object?

A

The real object that is being observed

32
Q

On a microscope what is meant by the image?

A

The picture that you can see when you see when you look through the eyepiece

33
Q

What is meant by magnification?

A

To produce an image of an object at a larger scale

34
Q

What is meant by resolution?

A

So you can see clearer

35
Q
A

Biology (5 decks)

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