B1 Flashcards
Cell structure and transport
What is smallest whole unit of any living organism?
A cell
How many organelles does an animal cell have?
-Cell membrane
-Ribosomes
-Nucleus
-Cytoplasm
-Mitochondria
How many organelles does an plant cell have?
-Cell membrane
-Ribosomes
-Nucleus
-Cytoplasm
-Mitochondria
-Cell wall
-Vacuole
-Chloroplast
How many Organelles does a bacteria cell have?
-Cell wall
-cell membrane
-pili
-slime capsule
-flagellum
-cytoplasm
-ribosomes
-DNA loop
What does the nucleus do?
Contains genetic instructions and also controls the cells movements
What do the Ribosomes do?
Where protein synthesis happens by linking amino acids
What do the Ribosomes do?
Where protein synthesis happens by linking amino acids
What do the mitochondria do?
Where aerobic and anaerobic respiration occurs converting oxygen to energy.
What is the purpose of cytoplasm?
To hold the organelles together and in place.
What does the cell membrane do?
Its selectively permeable to allow for diffusion and osmosis while preventing larger molecules from entering.
What do cell walls do?
They offer a degree of protection and gives the cell a stronger structure.
What do Chloroplast do?
Made of chlorophyll, uses CO2 and coverts it to energy via the process of Photosynthesis.
What does the vacuole do?
It is filled with locked up chemical energy (cell sap). It also provides an almost skeletal structure throughout the plant and provides stability.
What is a Flagellum?
A tail which the cell uses to move.
What is a slime capsule?
The slime protects from toxic chemicals.
What do the Pili do?
They are used to attach the cell to surfaces.
When observing a cell through a microscope what formula is used to calculate the real size?
Use the I AM triangle:
I
A M
I=Image size
A= actual size
M= Magnification
How to calculate the total magnification on a microscope?
Total= Eyepiece x objective lens
How much magnification is there on a light microscope?
Eye piece= x10
Objective lens:
low= x4
medium= x10
high= x40
Fill in the blanks
What is Eukaryotic cell?
-has a nucleus
-bigger and more complex
-evolved later
-single or multicellular
What is a prokaryotic cell?
-no nucleus
-smaller and simple
-Older
-single cell
What is a Hypertonic solution?
Strong sugar solution
low water concentration
What is a Hypotonic solution?
Weak sugar solution
high water concentration
What is an Isotonic solution?
Equal parts sugar and water
What does a Hypertonic solution do to a cell?
-Water moves out,
-cell gets smaller
-cell gets lighter
-Turns Turgid
What does a Hypotonic solution do to a cell?
-Water moves in
-Cell gets bigger
-Cell gets heavier
-Bursts (lysis)
What does a Isotonic solution do to a cell?
-Water moves in and out
-Cell stays the same size
-Cell stays the same weight
Name 2 differences between light and electronic microscopes
-Electron uses electrons whereas light microscopes use light waves.
-Max mag on a light microscope is x400 whereas on an electron microscope is x2000
How big is ____ in standard form:
-Millimeter
-micrometer
-Nanometer
-Millimeter= 1 x 10(-3)
-micrometer= 1 x 10 (-6)
-nanometer= 1 x 10 (-9)
On a microscope what is meant by the object?
The real object that is being observed
On a microscope what is meant by the image?
The picture that you can see when you see when you look through the eyepiece
What is meant by magnification?
To produce an image of an object at a larger scale
What is meant by resolution?
So you can see clearer
