B-Limitations Flashcards
Which is the service ceiling of the A320 family?
39800 feet
Wind: Maximum crosswind in LVO (< 200m) for takeoff
10 kt
Wind: Maximum crosswind for landing with RVR <750m
20 kt
Wind: Maximum tailwind for takeoff
10 kt
Note: Maximum for takeoff — 15 kt on selected runways. Refer to OM-C (AAL) for runways with 15 kt maximum tailwind component for takeoff. (All Aircraft)
OM-A: On contaminated runways tailwind shall not exceed 5 kts.
Wind: Maximum tailwind for landing and associated landing flaps requirement
10 kt
A319-132 / A320-214 (D-ABFO to D-ABNH) Note: Maximum for landing — 15 kt on selected runways. Refer to OM-C (AAL) for runways with 15 kt maximum tailwind component for landing.
——-
A319-132 For landing with a tailwind greater than 10 kt, FLAPS FULL is recommended.
A320-214 (D-ABFO to D-ABNH) For landing with a tailwind greater than 10 kt, use FLAPS FULL only.
Wind: Which wind limitations exist for passenger and cargo doors operation: (4 Limits)
The following are the wind limitations for passenger and cargo doors operation:
- The maximum wind for passenger door operation is 65 kt
- The maximum wind for FWD and AFT cargo door operation is 40 kt (or 50 kt, if the aircraft nose is into the wind, or if the FWD and aft cargo doors are on the leeward side)
- The FWD and AFT cargo doors must be closed before the wind speed exceeds 65 kt.
Best practice: When examining ATIS for departure check the wind and consider following limits:
- If wind > 10 kt: When expecting a start abort due to tailwind > 10 kt during engine start a manual start is recommended or max tailwind
- If wind > 30 kt: Max crosswind limit
- If wind > 35 kt: A319: Th engine is able to start in crosswind up to 35 kt
- If wind > 40/50 kt: Max wind for cargo door operation
- If wind > 65 kt: Max wind for passenger door operation
Cold WX: Under which runway conditions is takeoff not recommended?
- Water on top of Compacted Snow
- Dry Snow or Wet Snow over Ice
- Takeoff is not permitted in Wet Ice condition
EWEU OM-A:
It is prohibited to takeoff and land on a runway with a condition code of (1) POOR or less
Speed: Cockpit Window Open Maximum Speed
200 kt
Speed: VMO/MMO
350 KT / 0.82 M
Wind: Maximum crosswind for takeoff and landing
30 kt gusting up to 38 kt
Speed: Maximum speed with the landing gear extended (VLE)
280 kt / 0.67 M
Speed: Maximum speed at which the landing gear may be extended (VLO extension)
250 kt / 0.60 M
Speed: Maximum speed at which the landing gear may be retracted (VLO retraction)
220 kt / 0.54 M
Speed: Max taxi speed during turns at weights 76.000 kg or higher (A320)
20 kt
Speed: Wipers Maximum Operating Speed
230 kt
Air: With passengers on board, what is max recommended time without air conditioning supply to ensure cabin’s air quality
20 min
Air: Can APU bleed with HP Air Starter Unit / Packs use with LP Air Conditioning Unit / Packs use with HP AIr Conditioning Unit be used at the same time?
No
AFS: Minimum altitude for use AP after takeoff
100 ft and at least 5 s after takeoff
AFS: Minimum altitude for the use of AP during circling
500 ft
AFS: Minimum altitude for the use of AP during ILS approach with CAT 1 displayed in the FMA
160 ft
AFS: Minimum altitude for the use of AP during ILS approach with CAT 2/3 displayed in the FMA
0 FT
AFS: Minimum altitude for the use of the AP after a manual go-around
100 ft
AFS: Minimum altitude for the use of AP in all other phases not covered by a published limitation (e.g.: OP DES / DES)
500 ft
AFS: Under which conditions (e.g. GPS primary, NAV accuracy, etc.) may NAV mode after Takeoff
NAV mode may be used after takeoff provided that:
–GPS PRIMARY◄ is available, or
–The flight crew checked the FMGS takeoff updating.
AFS: Under which conditions (e.g. GPS primary, NAV accuracy, etc.) may NAV mode be used in terminal areas?
- GPS PRIMARY◄ is available, or
- The appropriate RNP is checked or entered on the MCDU, and HIGH accuracy is displayed, or
- FMS navigation is crosschecked with navaid raw data.
AFS: Under which conditions (e.g. GPS primary, NAV accuracy, etc.) may NAV mode be used during Approaches based on Radio Navaids approaches?
A navaids approach may be performed in NAV, APP NAV or FINAL APP, with AP or FD engaged, provided that:
- GPS Primary
- If GPS PRIMARY is not available, the reference navaid and the corresponding airborne radio equipment must be serviceable, tuned and monitored during the approach.
EWEU OM A:
NAV setup for instrument approaches:
All relevant NAVAIDs according to the approach procedure designator on the IAL chart must be set. MKR audio signal must be selected on for ILS/LOC approaches.
AFS: In OEI case, which AP modes are not permitted for a non-precision approach (A319)
If one engine is inoperative, it is not permitted to use the autopilot to perform NPAs in the following modes: FINAL APP, NAV V/S, NAV/FPA.
Only FD use is permitted.
Best practice: FINAL APP manual flight
AFS: Minimum DH ILS CAT II / min RVR and required equipment (AP, ATHR, FMA)
100 ft / RVR: 300 m
- 1 AP
- A/THR not required
- FMA CAT II or better
AFS: Minimum DH ILS CAT III Fail Passive (Single) / min RVR and required FG (AP, ATHR, FMA)
50 ft / RVR: 200 m
- 1 AP
- A/THR
- FMA CAT III SINGLE or better
AFS: Minimum DH ILS CAT III Fail Operational (Dual) / min RVR and required FG (AP, ATHR, FMA)
AH: 100 Feet
22 ft / RVR: 125 m
0 ft / RVR 75 m
- 2 AP
- A/THR
- FMA CAT III Dual
AFS: Which configuration is approved for a CAT II and CAT III fail passive approach on a A319 (OEI)?
Flaps 3 and FULL
AFS: Which configuration is approved for a CAT II and CAT III fail passive approach on a A320(OEI)?
Flaps Full
AFS: Minimum altitude for use of AP in approach with Final APP, V/S OR FPA
250 ft
AFS: Maximum wind limits (based on surface wind reported by ATC) for automatic approach and landing
A320:
Tailwind: 10 kt
Crosswind: 20 kt (OE-IEU to OE-IQD: 15kt with automatic rollout)
Headwind 30 kt
A319 (CONF FULL with airport elevation at or below 5750 ft.)
Tailwind: 10 kt
Crosswind: 20 kt (10 kt with OEI)
Headwind: 20 kt (15 kt with OEI)
AFS: Upon which wind, are the auto land maximum crosswind condition based on?
Wind limitation is based on the surface wind reported by ATC. If the wind displayed on the ND exceeds the above-noted autoland limitations, but the tower reports surface wind within the limitations, then the autopilot can remain engaged. If the tower reports a surface wind that exceeds the limitations, only CAT I automatic approach without autoland can be performed.
AFS: What are the limits of the ROLL OUT mode (contamination and limitations during OEI operation)
Performance of ROLL OUT mode has been demonstrated on dry and wet runways. Do not use ROLL OUT mode on snow covered or icy runways as it has not been demonstrated.
During automatic rollout with one engine inoperative or one thrust reverser inoperative, the flight crew can use the remaining thrust reverser, provided that:
- No more than idle thrust is used (Only EWA to EWH)
- The wind does not exceed the maximum wind conditions for automatic rollout
Different wind limits apply on A319 if landing at airport elevation above 5750 ft or CONF 3. For further information refer to the OM-B
AFS: Can the remaining thrust reverser during OEI or one T/R inoperative operation be used during an automatic rollout?
A319 / A320 (except EWA- EWH): Yes
A320 (EWA-EWH): No more than idle thrust can be used
APU: How many consecutive APU starts can be attempted?
After three consecutive APU start attempts, the flight crew must wait 60 min before a new start attempt.
Note: After APU auto shutdown due to „NO FLAME“, two additional start attempts with one minute in between are permitted.
After APU auto shutdown due to “LOW ACCELERATION”, check both batteries are selected before next attempt.
APU: When is an APU start/shutdown permitted during refueling?
During refuel/defuel procedures, APU starts or shutdown are permitted with the following restrictions:
–If the APU failed to start or following an automatic APU shutdown, do not start the APU
–If a fuel spill occurs, perform a normal APU shutdown.
APU: What is the maximum altitude at which the APU can be started under normal electrical power?
41.000 feet
APU: Max altitude to assist engine start with APU bleed?
20.000 ft
APU: Which is the max altitude APU bleed can be used, for single / dual pack operation? (A320-214 EWA to EWH)
Single Pack: 20.000 ft
Dual Pack: 15.000 ft
APU: Which is the max altitude APU bleed can be used, for single / dual pack operation? (A319-132 / A320-214 except EWA-EWH)
Single Pack: 22.500 ft
Dual Pack: 15.000 ft
CAB: How is it assured that the photoluminescence emergency floor markings are well charged before a standard revenue flight?
For standard revenue flight, charging time of photoluminescent light strips is assured by switching the cabin lights in “BRIGHT” or “MAIN ON” (100 % white) during cabin preparation.
ELEC: What is the maximum continuous load per TRU?
200 A
ENG: What is the minimum oil temperature for engine start and takeoff? (A319-132)
- Engine Start: -40°C
- Takeoff: 50°C
ENG: What is the minimum oil temperature for engine start and takeoff? (A320-214)?
- Engine Start: -40°C
- Takeoff: -10°C
ENG: how many start attempts, what cooling time and which limitations have to be observed during successive start attempts?
A320-214:
- A standard automatic start that includes up to three start attempts, is considered one cycle
- For ground starts (automatic or manual), a 20 s pause is required between successive cycles
- A 15 min cooling period is required, subsequent to four failed cycles
- The starter must not be run when N2 is above 20 %.
A319-132
- A standard automatic start that includes only one start attempt, is considered one cycle
- For ground starts (automatic or manual), a 15 s pause is required between successive cycles
- A 30 min cooling period is required, subsequent to three failed cycles or 5 min of continuous crank
- For manual start, observe a two-minute maximum cycle time
- For crank, observe a 5 min maximum cycle time
- The starter must not be run when N2 is above 10 % on-ground and 18 % in-flight.
F/CTL: What is the maximum operating altitude with slats or flaps extended?
20.000 ft
ENG: What is the maximum acceptable crosswind for an engine start on an A319?
This engine is able to start in crosswind up to 35 kt
Fuel: What is the minimum Jet A1 temperature?
-43 °C
Fuel freeze refers to the formation of wax crystals suspended in the fuel, which can accumulate when fuel temperature is below the freeze point (-47 °C for jet A1) and can prevent proper fuel feed to the engines.
Fuel: Upon which fuel imbalance on ground or in flight should a pilot consult the FCOM / OM-B to assure operation within operational limits?
On ground: 370 kg
Inflight: 690 kg
HYD: What is the maximum operating pressure?
3000 PSI +/- 200 PSI
Ice: How are icing conditions defined
Icing conditions exist when the OAT (on ground or after takeoff) or the TAT (in flight) is at or below 10 °C and visible moisture in any form is present (such as clouds, fog with visibility of of 1 sm (1 600 m) or less, rain, snow, sleet or ice crystals).
–Icing conditions also exist when the OAT on the ground and for takeoff is at or below 10 °C and operating on ramps, taxiways or runways where surface snow, standing water or slush may be ingested by the engines, or freeze on engines, nacelles or engine sensor probes.
Ice: Under which type of precipitation may rain repellent be used?
The flight crew should only use the rain repellent in the case of moderate to heavy rain.
