B-lactams

Question 1

Which test results indicate S. aureas?

Answer 1

G(+), coagulase(+) , cocci

Question 2

What do Coagulase (-) strains need in order to cause disease?

Answer 2

“help” from the host

Question 3

Most common strain in catheters/ devices?

Answer 3

S. epidermidis

Question 4

What’s special about S. epidermidis?

Answer 4

90% of strains are methicillin resistant

Question 5

What does alpha hemolysis look like?

Answer 5

Green zone of clearing on blood agar

Question 6

What is the name for the strep that are alpha hemolytic?

Answer 6

Viridans

Question 7

Give an example of an alpha hemolytic strep?

Answer 7

S. pneumoniae,

Question 8

What does beta hemolysis look like?

Answer 8

clear zone of clearing on blood agar

Question 9

Name some beta hemolytic strep

Answer 9

S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae

Question 10

Which diseases does S. pyogenes cause?

Answer 10

Strep throat, flesh eating bacteria

Question 11

What is the drug of choice for S. pyogenese?

Answer 11

Penicillin

Question 12

What class of drugs are the enterococcus universally resistant to?

Answer 12

Cephalasporins

Question 13

What is lactobacillis naturally resistant to?

Answer 13

Vanco

Question 14

Describe on E. coli

Answer 14

Grows on MacConkey agar, ferments lactose, ampicillin sensitive

Question 15

3 of 4 lactose fermenters are resistant to what drug?

Answer 15

Ampicillin

Question 16

If a bacteria is found to be lactose (+) we can stop doing what?

Answer 16

Providing double coverage for other bacteria (ie pseudomonas)

Question 17

Describe pseudomonas

Answer 17

Grows on MacConkey agar, Lactose (-), Oxidase (+)

Question 18

Causitive organism in cat bites?

Answer 18

Pasteurella

Question 19

Causitive organism in cat scratch?

Answer 19

Bartella

Question 20

Causitive agent in human bites?

Answer 20

Eikenella

Question 21

What is the most common bacterium in the gut?

Answer 21

Bacteroides fragillis

Question 22

What does E. coli look like?

Answer 22

G (-) fusiform (dark poles) rods

Question 23

What is the resistance mechanism for MRSA?

Answer 23

Acquired a resistant penicillin-binding-protein

Question 24

Which organism naturally has a penicillin binding protein that is resistant to methicillin

Answer 24

S. peumonia

Question 25

Penicillin penetration is greatly enhanced by what?

Answer 25

Inflamation

Question 26

What is the relationship between plasma penicillin, and tissue concentrations?

Answer 26

tissue levels are 1/2 to 2/3 blood levels

Question 27

Which drug is used for acute otitis media (OAM)?

Answer 27

Amoxicillin

Question 28

Which type of penicillin is used to treat syphilis?

Answer 28

Biclllin L-A

Question 29

Which penicillin has the lowest Na+ content?

Answer 29

Pen G

Question 30

Which Gen is Cefazolin?

Answer 30

1st

Question 31

Which Gen is Cephalexin?

Answer 31

1st

Question 32

Which Ceph is the best tasting?

Answer 32

Omnicef (cefdinir)

Question 33

Name the 4th gen Ceph

Answer 33

Cefepime

Question 34

Name the 5th gen ceph

Answer 34

Ceftaroline

Question 35

Which ceph is active against MRSA

Answer 35

Ceftaroline

Question 36

Which penicillins are not adjusted in renal impairment?

Answer 36

Dicloxacillin & Nafcillin

Question 37

What is the relationship between t1/2 and dosing interval?

Answer 37

Half-life X 4 = Dosing interval

Question 38

What is the average T1/2 of a penicillin?

Answer 38

1 hour

Question 39

Which Ceph is not adjusted in renal impairment?

Answer 39

Ceftriaxone