B: ETHNICITY Flashcards
Battu and Sloane (2004)
Employed ethnic minorities are more likely to be over educated for their job
Wood (2009)
29% of job applications favoured if they had a white name
Highest rate of unemployment in women?
Arab, at 64%
Davidson (1997)
‘concrete ceiling’
Highest ethnicity in unemployment?
Other Black, at 17%
Dual labour market theory
Demonstrates racial prejudice in the distribution of ethnic minorities in the labour force
Castles and Kosack (1973)
Reserve army of labour
What % less do men from ethnic minorities earn in professional jobs in comp to their white male counterparts?
25%
Flaherty
Ethnic minorities are more likely to be unemployed than white people
What proportion of ethnic minorities are in low income households?
2/5- twice the rate of white people
Rowlington and McKay
White British people in managerial occupations had greater wealth than any other ethnic group in the same position
Which ethnic group has highest poverty rates?
Bangladeshi
How many times more likely are ethnic minorities to experience poverty in retirement?
3x
Dual labour market
White men dominate primary labour market, ethnic minorrities dominate secondary
Battu and Sloane
Ethnic minorities more likely to be overeducated
Rex and Tomlinson
Ethnic minorities form a separate underclass
Functionalist explanations for ethnicity inequality (2)
Parsons, Patterson
The New Right explanations for ethnicity inequality (2)
Sewell, Murray
Murray
The underclass threatens American society, encourages welfare dependency
Sewell
Black youths more likely to be in single parent families- lack of role model therefore not socialised into correct norms and values
Sewell
Black youths more likely to be in single parent families- lack of role model therefore not socialised into correct norms and values
Parsons
Ethnic inequalities are not institutional, but a result of cultural differences
Patterson
Immigrants undermined the stability in British society (‘culture clash’) therefore failure to assimilate
Marxist views on ethnicity inequality (3)
Marx, Cox, Castles and Kosack
Marx
Ethnic minorities used as scapegoats by capitalism
Cox
Relationship between capitalism and colonialism
Castles and Kosack
Reserve army of labour- racism used to weaken their power
Neo-Marxist (2)
Miles, Hall
Miles
Ethnic minorities form a radicalised part of class structure which benefits capitalism
Hall
Immigrants used as scapegoats for economic recession
Weberian views on ethnicity inequality (4)
Parkin, Barron and Norris, Rex and Tomlinson, Weber
Parkin
negatively privileged status groups
Barron and Norris
Dual labour market theory
Rex and Tomlinson
Underclass explained by both class and status inequality
Weber
Class, status and party
Feminist views on ethnicity inequality (3)
Brewer, Mirza, Connell
Brewer
Black women face more inequality than white women
Mirza
Media stereotype of black women as passive victims reinforces
Connell
Inequalities are a product of colonialism
Ethnic minorities are more likely to be over-qualified
Battu and Sloane
Media stereotype of the ‘passive black woman’
Mirza
Black women face more inequality than white women
Brewer
Underclass explained by class and status inequality
Rex and Tomlinson
Dual labour market theory
Barron and Norris
Negatively privileged status groups
Parkin
Ethnic minorities form a racialised class structure
Miles
Immigrants are used as scapegoats for economic recession
Hall
Reserve army of labour
Castles and Kosack
Draws relationship between capitalism and colonialism
Cox
Ethnic minorities used as scapegoats by capitalism
Marx
Racial inequality is caused by failure to assimilate
Patterson
Black youths more likely to be in single parent households and therefore recieve inadequate socialisation
Sewell
White British people in managerial occupations had greater wealth than any other ethnic group in the same position
Rowlington and McKay