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B cell activation and differentiation; the humoral immune response > b cell activation > Flashcards

b cell activation Flashcards

1
Q

What happens if a b cell is not stimulated by an Ag?

A

will die (within 1-2 weeks)

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2
Q

What are the groups of b cell Ag?

A 
Thymus dependent (TD) Ags 
Thymus independent (TI)Ags
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3
Q

What does TD Ags need for stimulation?

A

t cell help (cytokines & co stimulation)

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4
Q

What are the types of Thymus independent Ags?

A

TI 1 Ags

TI 2 Ags

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5
Q

What are the Type I TI Ags?

A

bacterial cell wall components (e.g. LPS)

not Ag specific (mitogens): polyclonal B cell activators

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6
Q

What are the type 2 TI Ags?

A

repetitious cell wall components (e.g. polysaccharides, flagellin)
Ag specific

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7
Q

Whata re the signals needed for B cell activation?

A

Ab binding to Ag

CD40 interacting with CD40L(CD154)

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8
Q

What is needed for Ab binding to Ag?

A

need crosslinking of mIg

single epitope Ags are not effective

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9
Q

What sends the signal down to the nucleus after the Ab binds to the Ag for a b cell to become active?

A

Igalpha/Igbeta

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10
Q

What is CD40 ?

A

signaling molecule on b cells
CD40L is on T cells

cytokines serve as a 2nd signal

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11
Q

What is ITAM?

A

regions associted with Igalpha/beta that initiate the signaling cascade

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12
Q

When does ITAM start the signaling cascade?

A

when its phosphorylated

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13
Q

What are BCR co-receptors?

A

CR2
CD19
CD22

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14
Q

What is the function of CR2?

A

Complement receptor

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15
Q

What does CR2 bind to?

A

C3d complement molecule

it is on the microbe

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16
Q

What is the function of CD19?

A

after CR2 interacts with C3d CR2 activates CD19 to send the signal for cascade

17
Q

What is the function of CD22?

A

sends a negative signal to the B cell (turn off bcell)

has an ITIM – immunoreceptor tyrosine phosphate inhibitory motif

18
Q

What is the function of T cell cytokines?

A

T cell cytokines can induce and/or inhibit the production

of various isotypes.

19
Q

What happens to bcells with tcells cytokines?

A

bcells will still work but not as well

20
Q

What is the function of IL4?

A

induces IgE expression especially in the presence og IL 5

B cell activation and differentiation; the humoral immune response (4 decks)

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