B-Advanced materials Flashcards
What is a bio-polymer?
-A polymer produced from renewable resources such as wood and starch.
What is a biodegradable polymer?
-They are made from finite resources but contain additives that cause them to degrade quicker.
-Degradation occurs when they are exposed to a microorganism, which convert the polymer into water, CO2, biomass and methane.
-Degradation can also occur in the presence of light, oxygen, or water.
What is a natural bio-polymer?
-Made from natural materials that will break down quickly, such as starch, cellulose, and polysaccharides.
What is a synthetic bio-polymer?
-Made from natural materials but are chemically engineered to break down more quickly.
What is a composite material?
-A material comprised of two or more different materials, resulting in a material with enhanced properties.
Composites-CFRP?
-Carbon fibre and epoxy resin.
-Tough, hard, lightweight, corrosion resistant and good compressive strength.
-Used for bike frames and car bodies.
Composites-GRP?
-Glass fibre and polyester resin.
-High strength to weight ratio, lightweight, durable, corrosion resistant, tough, hard and good compressive strength.
-Used for water pipes and boat hulls.
Composites-Concrete?
-Cement, sand and aggregate particles with water.
-High compression strength, low tensile strength and mouldable.
-Used for pathways and foundations.
Composites-Reinforced concrete?
-Concrete and low carbon steel rods.
-High compression strength, high tensile strength, fire resistant and durable.
-Used for buildings and retaining walls.
Composites-Fibre cement?
-Cement and polymer fibres.
-Lighter than reinforced concrete, hard, tough, water resistant and good at low temperatures.
-Used for suspended floors and roofing.
Composites-Engineered wood?
-Timber laminates and MF adhesive.
-Good aesthetics, natural alternative, lightweight, fire resistant and good structural stability.
-Used for roof beams and decking.
What is a smart material?
-A material that reacts to a change in their environment or another external factor.
Smart material-Shape memory alloy?
-Can react to a change in temperature or electrical current.
-This causes it to change shape.
-Can be used for self-closing windows and dental wires.
Smart material-Thermochromic pigment?
-Reacts to a change in temperature.
-This causes it to change colour.
-Used for baby feeding spoons, mood rings and colour change mugs.
Smart material-Photophorescent?
-It will absorb the energy from the light.
-It can then release energy to create light itself.
-Used in fire exit signs and glow in the dark products.
Smart material-Photochromic pigment?
-Reacts to changes in light.
-This causes it to change colour.
-Used in welding goggles and sunglasses.
Smart material-Electroluminescent wire?
-Reacts to a change in current that passes through it.
-The thin wire that is coated will then create light.
-Used in glowing jewellery and decorative lighting.
Smart material-Piezoelectric material?
-Reacts to impact caused by compression.
-It causes it to generate a charge.
-Used in air bag sensors, BBQ lighters and musical cards.
