B Adrenoreceptor Blocking Agents Flashcards
Especially useful in preventing repflex tachycardia that often results from treatment with direct vasodilators.
B blockers
Reduce mortality after MI and heart failure
B blockers
Non selctive B blockade and decrease bp primarily through decreasing cardiac output
Propranolol
Inhibits stimulation of renin production by catecholamines(B1 receptors)
Propranolol
Might also act on peripheral presynaptic B andrenoreceptors to reduce sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerve activity
B blockers
Produces significant reduction in bp without prominent postural hypotension in patients with mild to mederate hypertension
Propranolol
Indicators or propranolol B blocking effect
Resting bradycardia and reduction in HR
Principal toxicities of this drug result from blockade of cardiac, vascular and bronchial B receptors
Propranolol
Produces a withrawal sundrome characterized by nervousness, tachycardia, increased intensity of angina and increased bp caused by upregulation or supersensitivity of B receptors
Propranolol
These drugs are cardioselective and are the most widely used B blockers in the treatment of hypertension
Metoprolol and atenolol
Equipotent to propranolol in inhibiting stimulation of B1 receptors as those in the heart but much less potent in blocking B2 receptors. Cardioselectivity is incomplete and is extensively metabolized by CYP2D6.
Metoprolol
Effective in reducing mortality from heart failure and particularly useful in patient with hypertension and heart failure.
Metoprolol and Carvedilol
Cardioselective B blocker that is excreted primarily in the urine
Atenolol
Non selective B receptor antagonists and excreted to a considerable extent in the urine
Nadolol and carteolol
B1 selective blockers that are primarily metabolized by the liver but have long half lives. Taken once daily
Betaxolol and bisoprolol
Partial agonist B blockers with some intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. They lower bp by decreasing vascular resistance and appear to depress cardiac output or heart rate less than other B blockers perhaps because of significantly greater agonist than antagonist effects on B2 receptors.
Pindolol, acebutolol, and penbutolol
Beneficial for patients with bradyarrhythmias or peripheral vascular disease.
Pindolol, acebutolol, penbutolol
These drugs have both B blocking and vasodilator effects
Labetalol, carvedilol, and nebivolol
Labetalol isomer that is a potent A blocker
SR
Labetalol isomer that is a potent B blocker
RR
Bp is lowered by this drug through reduction of vascular resitance(A blockade) without significant alteration in heart rate or CO
Labetalol
Useful in treating hypertension of pheochromocytoma and hypertensive emergencies
Labetalol
Isomer of carvedilol that is a nonselective B blocker
S-
Both isomeres of this drug are potent A blockers
Carvedilol S- and R+
B1 selective blocker with vasodilating properties not mediated by A receptor blockade
Nebivolol
D- B1
L-vasodilation caused by release of NO via nitric oxide synthase
B1 selective blocker that is rapidly metabolized by RBC esterases. Used in intraoperative and postoperative hypertension and sometimes for hypertensive emergencies particularly when hypertension is associated with tachycardia
Esmolol
