B

Question 1

Benthic feeder

Answer 1

Bottom feeder. Obtains food from sediments at the bottom of water. Ie A. Brama

Question 2

Bioaccumulation

Answer 2

Buildup of toxins in an individual organisms tissue. Occurs when toxins are absorbed or taken up at a greater rate than they are broken down.

Question 3

Biodiversity hotspots

Answer 3

Most ecologically rich and most threatened places on the planet. Contains over 1500 endemic plant species. 34 globally identified.

Question 4

Biomanipulation

Answer 4

Deliberate alteration of an ecosystem by adding or removing species, especially predators.

Question 5

Biomagnification

Answer 5

The increase in concentration of a substance, such as the pesticide DDT, that occurs in a food chain as a consequence of organisms eating other organisms at a lower level who have accumulated the substance.
Organisms at top of chain have higher concentrations that would be obtained from direct exposure.

Question 6

Biotic nitrogen fixation (BNF)

Answer 6

Conversation of atm nitrogen gas to ammonium compounds by living organisms such as Cyanobacteria

Question 7

Biotic

Answer 7

Living organisms

Question 8

Black box

Answer 8

Any component or subsystem in which only the inputs and outputs are of interest, it is not necessary to define or understand the internal mechanisms or structures in the box, as behaviour can be explain by inputs and outputs.

Question 9

Bole

Answer 9

The trunk of a tree

Question 10

Bottom up control

Answer 10

Control of organisms numbers or production by the supply of resources. Eg food or mineral nutrients.

Question 11

Boundary layer

Answer 11

The portion of atmosphere close to a surface, where air movement is limited by friction with surface. It represents the boundary between the surface and fully turbulent air above. The thickness of a boundary layer depends on wind speed and scale of the system. It can vary from a few mm around a single leaf to several km at a global scale.