Axilla (MA)

Question 1

What is the Axilla ?

Answer 1

The axilla is a pyramidal shape structure located inferior to the glenohumeral (GH) joint and superior to the axillary fossa (arm pit); it provides a passage way for vessels and nerves as they pass to/ from the upper limb.

Question 2

Apex (cervicoaxillary canal)

Answer 2

The apex of the axilla is made by the lateral surface of the 1st rib, the posterior surface of the clavicle, and the superior margin of the scapula

Question 3

Base

Answer 3

The base of the axilla is the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and the axillary fascia, which forms the axillary fossa (armpit)

Question 4

Anterior wall

Answer 4

The anterior wall is formed by the pectoralis major and minor; the anterior axillary fold is the inferior-most part of the anterior wall

Question 5

Posterior wall

Answer 5

the posterior wall is formed by the subscapularis, teres major, and larissimus dorsi; the posterior axillary fold is the inferior-most part of the posterior wall

Question 6

Medial Wall

Answer 6

the medial wall is the serratus anterior and the first 4 ribs (thoracic wall)

Question 7

Lateral Wall

Answer 7

the lateral wall is narrow bony wall formed by the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

Question 8

Neurovascular structures

Answer 8

axillary artery, axillary vein, and the brachial plexus